Reading, PA
National Compensation Survey
January 2006
_________________________________________________________________________________________
U.S. Department of Labor
Elaine L. Chao, Secretary
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Philip L. Rones, Acting Commissioner
October 2006
Bulletin 3135–17
Preface
D
Division of Compensation Data Analysis and Planning, 2
Massachusetts Avenue, NE., Room 4175, Washington, DC
20212–0001, call (202) 691–6199, or send an e-mail to
[email protected].
The data contained in this bulletin are also available at
http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ocs/compub.htm, the BLS Internet site. Data are presented in a Portable Document Format
(PDF) file containing the core bulletin, and in an ASCII file
containing the published table formats.
Results of earlier surveys of this area are available from
BLS regional offices, the Division of Compensation Data
Analysis and Planning, or at the BLS Internet site.
Material in this bulletin is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission. This information will be made available to sensory
impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202)
691–5200; Federal Relay Service: 1–800–877–8339.
ata shown in this bulletin were collected as part of the
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) National Compensation Survey (NCS). The survey could not have been conducted without the cooperation of the many private firms
and government jurisdictions that provided pay data included in this bulletin. The Bureau thanks these respondents for their cooperation.
Field economists of the Bureau of Labor Statistics collected and reviewed the survey data. The Office of Compensation and Working Conditions, in cooperation with the
Office of Field Operations and the Office of Technology
and Survey Processing in the BLS National Office, designed the survey, processed the data, and prepared the
survey for publication.
For additional information regarding this survey, please
contact any BLS regional office at the address and telephone number listed on the back cover of this bulletin.
You may also write to the Bureau of Labor Statistics at:
iii
Contents
Page
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................
1
Tables:
1. Summary: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours for selected worker
and establishment characteristics..................................................................................................
2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings for full-time and part-time workers
by work levels...............................................................................................................................
3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings for full-time and part-time workers
by work levels...............................................................................................................................
4. State and local government workers: Mean hourly earnings for full-time and part-time workers
by work levels...............................................................................................................................
5. Combined work levels for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings for full-time
and part-time workers ...................................................................................................................
6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles...................................................................................
7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles ......................................................................
8. State and local government workers: Hourly wage percentiles ....................................................
9. Full-time civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles ....................................................................
10. Part-time civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles ....................................................................
11. Full-time civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual
earnings and mean weekly and annual hours ................................................................................
12. Full-time private industry workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual
earnings and mean weekly and annual hours ................................................................................
13. Full-time State and local government workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual
earnings and mean weekly and annual hours ................................................................................
14. Size of establishment: Mean hourly earnings of private industry establishments
for major occupational groups ......................................................................................................
15. Establishments with fewer than 100 workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual
earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time private industry workers ....................
16. Establishments with 100 workers or more: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual
earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time private industry workers ....................
17. Union and nonunion workers: Mean hourly earnings for major occupational groups ..................
18. Time and incentive workers: Mean hourly earnings for major occupational groups ....................
19. Industry sector: Mean hourly earnings for private industry workers
by major occupational group ........................................................................................................
3
4
8
11
13
17
19
21
22
24
25
28
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
Appendixes:
A. Technical Note...............................................................................................................................
Appendix table 1. Number of workers represented by the survey ................................................
Appendix table 2. Survey establishment response ........................................................................
B. Standard Occupational Classification System................................................................................
v
A–1
A–5
A–6
B–1
Introduction
T
About the tables
The tables that follow present data on straight-time occupational earnings, which include wages and salaries, incentive
pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. These
earnings exclude premium pay for overtime, vacations,
holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. About 800 detailed occupations, listed in Appendix B, are used to describe all occupations in the civilian nonfarm economy (excluding the Federal Government and private households).
Data are not shown for any occupations if they would raise
concerns about the confidentiality of the survey respondents or if the data are insufficient to support reliable estimates.
Table 1 presents an overview of all tables in this bulletin. Mean hourly earnings, weekly hours, and relative standard errors are given for all industries, private industry, and
State and local government for selected worker and establishment characteristics. The worker characteristics include
high-level occupational aggregation, full-time or part-time
status, union or nonunion status, and time or incentive pay.
Establishment characteristics include goods and service
producing and size of establishment.
Table 2 presents mean hourly earnings data by work
level for major occupational groups and for detailed occupations. Separate data are also shown for full-time and
part-time workers. Table 3 provides work level data for
private industry workers. Table 4 provides similar data for
State and local government workers. Table 5 simplifies the
work levels by combining them into broader groups within
major and detailed occupations, and for full-time and parttime workers.
Tables 6 through 10 present hourly wage percentiles
that describe the distribution of hourly earnings for individual workers within each published occupation. Data are
provided for the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles
for detailed occupations within all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time workers, and
part-time workers.
Table 11 presents mean and median hourly, weekly, and
annual earnings, and the associated hours, for major occupational groups and detailed occupations for full-time
workers. Table 12 provides the same type of information
for private industry workers. Table 13 provides similar
data for State and local government workers.
Table 14 presents mean hourly earnings data for establishment employment sizes by high-level occupational ag-
he tables in this bulletin summarize the NCS results for
the Reading, PA, metropolitan area. Data were collected between June 2005 and July 2006; the average reference month is January 2006. Tabulations provide information on earnings of workers in a variety of occupations and
at different work levels. Also contained in this bulletin are
information on the program, a technical note describing
survey procedures, and an appendix with detailed information on occupational classifications.
Most of the earnings estimates in this bulletin are presented as mean hourly earnings. Mean weekly and annual
earnings, and the corresponding hours, also are provided
for full-time employees in specific occupations. Some occupations, such as teachers and fire fighters, typically have
shorter or longer work schedules than do the majority of
full-time workers. The weekly and annual estimates are
useful for comparing the earnings of occupations having
different work schedules.
NCS products
The Bureau’s National Compensation Survey provides
comprehensive measures of occupational earnings, compensation cost trends, benefit incidence, and detailed plan
provisions. The Employment Cost Index, a quarterly
measure of the change in employer costs for wages and
benefits, is derived from the NCS. Employer Costs for
Employee Compensation measures employers’ average
hourly costs for wages and benefits. NCS also measures
the incidence and provisions of benefit plans. This bulletin
is limited to data on occupational wages and salaries.
Changes to the publications
The locality wage publications have undergone a number of
significant changes. Beginning with the 3135 bulletin series, the releases employ:
1. The 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)
system and the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)
2. An expanded scope of establishments, lowering the minimum establishment size for private industry from 50 workers to 1 worker
3. Imputation for temporary non-response situations
4. Benchmarking of estimated employment
5. Redesigned tables, to reflect the new classification system and to emphasize work levels
1
high-level occupational aggregation. Table 19 presents
mean hourly earnings data for major industry divisions
within the private sector.
Appendix table 1 presents the number of workers represented by the survey, by high-level occupational aggregation and for all industries, private industry, and State and
local government. Appendix table 2 provides the number
of establishments in the sampling frame and the number of
responding and nonresponding establishments.
gregations in the private sector. Tables 15 and 16 provide
mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings data
for full-time employees in private establishments with
fewer than 100 workers, and in private establishments with
100 workers or more.
Table 17 presents mean hourly earnings data for union
and nonunion workers in all, private, and State and local
government establishments by high-level occupational aggregation. Table 18 provides hourly earnings data for time
and incentive workers in all and private establishments by
2
Table 1. Summary: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for selected worker and establishment characteristics, Reading, PA,
January 2006
Civilian
workers
Worker and establishment
characteristics
Private industry
workers
Hourly earnings
Mean
Relative
error2
(percent)
$18.23
3.5
Management, professional, and related ...........
Management, business, and financial ..........
Professional and related ...............................
Service ..............................................................
Sales and office ................................................
Sales and related ..........................................
Office and administrative support .................
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance ...................................................
Construction and extraction .........................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ............
Production, transportation, and material
moving ............................................................
Production ....................................................
Transportation and material moving .............
30.71
35.44
27.75
11.19
14.74
14.98
14.64
State and local government
workers
Hourly earnings
Mean
weekly
hours3
Mean
Relative
error2
(percent)
36.0
$17.42
4.1
4.3
6.9
6.1
5.4
4.0
13.4
3.0
36.6
40.7
34.4
30.4
34.6
31.1
36.4
29.88
35.36
25.40
10.14
14.72
14.99
14.60
17.62
16.62
18.67
8.4
3.8
12.0
39.7
38.6
40.5
14.37
15.00
13.79
3.1
2.4
5.6
Full time ............................................................
Part time ...........................................................
19.31
9.68
Union ................................................................
Nonunion ..........................................................
Time ..................................................................
Incentive ...........................................................
Hourly earnings
Mean
weekly
hours3
Mean
weekly
hours3
Mean
Relative
error2
(percent)
36.1
$24.70
2.7
35.4
5.5
7.6
9.7
6.6
4.2
13.4
3.2
37.1
40.5
34.6
29.6
34.6
31.2
36.4
33.47
36.25
32.92
15.69
15.06
–
15.09
3.3
12.3
4.9
2.4
1.4
–
1.3
35.0
42.2
33.8
34.9
36.4
–
36.7
17.73
16.48
18.85
9.1
4.1
12.6
39.9
38.6
40.7
16.38
17.80
16.41
2.6
6.8
2.1
38.4
39.3
37.9
40.3
38.4
42.2
14.30
14.99
13.66
3.1
2.4
5.7
40.4
38.4
42.4
18.32
–
18.72
9.3
–
9.0
36.8
–
36.4
3.5
11.4
40.1
19.9
18.49
9.38
4.1
12.9
40.4
20.1
25.54
13.66
2.0
17.2
38.2
18.0
21.43
17.66
2.7
4.3
37.7
35.7
15.87
17.54
4.0
4.4
38.9
35.9
25.68
21.56
.6
13.2
36.8
31.6
17.82
22.60
3.3
18.3
35.4
45.0
16.87
22.60
3.9
18.3
35.4
45.0
24.70
–
2.7
–
35.4
–
Goods producing ..............................................
Service providing ..............................................
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
18.49
17.00
5.7
5.3
39.6
34.9
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
1-99 workers .....................................................
100-499 workers ...............................................
500 workers or more .........................................
16.83
18.44
20.69
6.4
5.9
3.7
35.7
35.0
37.8
16.78
17.49
19.08
6.5
6.9
4.9
35.7
35.1
38.8
21.96
26.53
24.25
7.8
6.7
1.3
37.1
34.3
35.7
All workers ..........................................................
Worker characteristics4,5
Establishment characteristics
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium
pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is
computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,
weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of
the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample
estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
3 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week,
exclusive of overtime.
4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based
on the definition used by each establishment. Union workers are those whose wages are
determined through collective bargaining. Wages of time workers are based solely on
hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially
based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production
bonuses.
5 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational
Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
6 Classification of establishments into goods-producing and service-providing
industries applies to private industry only. Industries are determined by the 2002 North
American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication
criteria.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
3
Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Reading, PA,
January 2006
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
All workers ..............................................................................
$18.23
3.5
$19.31
3.5
$9.68
11.4
Management occupations .................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Industrial production managers ........................................
Education administrators ..................................................
44.40
43.03
47.51
49.67
43.20
41.97
10.4
29.7
27.8
7.8
34.1
11.8
44.40
43.03
47.51
49.67
43.20
41.97
10.4
29.7
27.8
7.8
34.1
11.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Business and financial operations occupations .............
Level 7 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
28.29
20.92
34.17
6.7
2.2
11.0
28.29
20.92
34.17
6.7
2.2
11.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
Computer and mathematical science occupations .........
Computer systems analysts .............................................
28.33
32.65
4.1
5.7
28.33
32.65
4.1
5.7
–
–
–
–
Architecture and engineering occupations .....................
Industrial engineers, including health and safety ..........
Industrial engineers ..................................................
32.21
32.93
32.93
10.3
12.8
12.8
32.21
32.93
32.93
10.3
12.8
12.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
Community and social services occupations ..................
17.21
9.2
17.21
9.2
–
–
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Level 7 .............................................................
Level 8 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Postsecondary teachers ...................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education school
teachers ......................................................................
Level 7 .............................................................
Level 8 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Elementary and middle school teachers .......................
Level 8 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Elementary school teachers, except special
education ............................................................
Level 8 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Middle school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Secondary school teachers ..........................................
Secondary school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Other teachers and instructors .........................................
Teacher assistants ...........................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
31.86
11.16
12.65
31.57
35.46
37.78
45.49
6.6
2.0
16.2
15.7
6.5
.2
7.6
34.15
–
–
31.65
35.06
37.84
45.81
7.6
–
–
15.9
6.6
.1
7.7
15.17
11.09
–
–
–
–
–
20.3
1.4
–
–
–
–
–
33.30
20.52
35.49
38.16
35.20
33.54
39.02
8.2
34.8
6.7
.2
6.5
9.8
.1
34.54
–
–
–
35.31
33.54
39.02
8.5
–
–
–
6.6
9.8
.1
20.46
–
–
–
–
–
–
37.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
38.47
38.39
39.04
2.6
5.8
.1
38.63
38.39
39.04
2.6
5.8
.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
29.84
37.36
16.0
4.4
–
37.87
–
3.1
–
–
–
–
37.14
37.86
11.35
11.16
4.6
1.5
3.2
2.0
37.65
–
12.71
–
3.3
–
10.2
–
–
–
10.57
11.09
–
–
.9
1.4
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........
Level 5 .............................................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Level 8 .............................................................
Registered nurses ............................................................
23.03
19.41
20.77
–
–
2.4
1.9
4.1
–
–
24.15
–
–
27.37
33.42
7.3
–
–
6.5
18.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Healthcare support occupations .......................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ....................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ......................
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations ................
11.69
12.00
12.74
11.42
11.37
12.31
3.5
3.7
3.0
2.3
3.7
5.5
11.85
12.39
–
11.43
11.39
13.21
3.4
3.8
–
2.2
3.5
3.6
10.34
–
–
–
–
–
8.5
–
–
–
–
–
Protective service occupations .........................................
Level 7 .............................................................
Police officers ...................................................................
19.45
25.39
26.75
8.4
1.9
3.6
21.24
25.39
26.75
2.7
1.9
3.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
4
Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Reading, PA,
January 2006 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers .................................
$26.75
3.6
$26.75
3.6
–
–
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Cooks ...............................................................................
Food preparation workers .................................................
Food service, tipped .........................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Waiters and waitresses ................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Fast food and counter workers .........................................
Combined food preparation and serving workers,
including fast food ...................................................
7.50
5.15
7.38
9.26
8.92
10.98
9.19
3.86
2.95
3.61
2.67
8.57
5.0
10.9
17.1
7.8
32.7
6.3
12.1
21.1
6.5
21.3
1.7
7.4
9.48
5.69
9.99
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.9
4.4
7.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$5.69
4.77
5.98
–
–
–
–
4.11
–
3.90
–
7.95
9.8
15.1
31.5
–
–
–
–
22.1
–
22.6
–
9.0
8.46
7.0
–
–
–
–
12.19
9.72
12.05
11.79
10.67
9.66
11.14
11.79
10.5
6.6
6.1
9.3
5.8
8.9
5.7
9.3
13.23
10.77
12.05
12.81
11.99
11.37
11.14
12.81
9.5
4.6
6.1
5.7
3.4
4.1
5.7
5.7
7.25
7.11
–
–
7.25
7.11
–
–
6.7
7.5
–
–
6.7
7.5
–
–
11.30
10.46
12.01
11.79
4.2
5.5
2.8
9.3
12.17
11.37
12.01
12.81
3.3
4.1
2.8
5.7
7.88
7.88
–
–
4.1
5.9
–
–
Personal care and service occupations ...........................
11.43
18.8
–
–
8.57
9.7
Sales and related occupations ..........................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Retail sales workers .........................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Cashiers, all workers ....................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Cashiers ...................................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Retail salespersons ......................................................
14.98
7.21
8.63
23.88
12.26
7.23
8.63
7.19
6.71
7.19
6.71
15.79
13.4
8.1
8.3
27.9
14.7
9.9
8.3
6.4
.0
6.4
.0
33.7
19.03
–
–
–
15.09
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.96
17.9
–
–
–
19.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
29.2
7.18
–
–
–
7.19
–
–
6.64
6.47
6.64
6.47
–
6.4
–
–
–
8.1
–
–
2.3
.0
2.3
.0
–
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Financial clerks .................................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks .............
Customer service representatives ....................................
Order clerks ......................................................................
Receptionists and information clerks ................................
Dispatchers .......................................................................
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks ...............................
Level 3 .............................................................
Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................
14.64
8.12
10.62
12.43
15.73
18.00
17.34
15.85
15.57
10.94
14.97
15.78
15.19
15.39
11.58
17.37
12.47
12.33
9.90
3.0
9.0
4.0
3.7
6.0
5.5
7.2
6.0
7.9
2.2
5.1
13.1
7.7
25.0
6.5
18.9
6.3
6.2
8.7
14.91
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.85
–
–
16.26
15.63
15.39
–
–
12.47
12.33
–
3.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.2
–
–
13.6
8.4
25.0
–
–
6.3
6.2
–
11.36
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
5
Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Reading, PA,
January 2006 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants ....
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........
Level 4 .............................................................
Data entry and information processing workers ...............
Office clerks, general ........................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
$16.10
13.84
17.68
17.77
15.62
13.76
16.29
12.69
14.15
6.1
6.5
10.4
5.4
8.7
7.7
7.9
3.5
3.9
$16.25
13.84
19.06
17.77
15.63
13.76
16.29
12.56
–
6.4
6.5
8.1
5.4
8.7
7.7
7.9
2.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Construction and extraction occupations .......................
Level 2 .............................................................
16.62
11.65
3.8
5.3
16.59
11.65
3.9
5.3
–
–
–
–
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .........
Level 5 .............................................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Level 7 .............................................................
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers .......................................................................
Maintenance and repair workers, general ....................
18.67
15.16
18.53
20.48
12.0
11.0
7.0
8.7
18.67
–
–
–
12.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
19.21
16.83
2.0
3.2
19.21
16.83
2.0
3.2
–
–
–
–
15.00
8.92
11.62
13.36
15.36
17.18
20.90
22.66
2.4
5.8
5.6
7.3
1.7
5.3
1.5
12.1
15.32
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
22.72
2.2
22.72
2.2
–
–
Production occupations ....................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Level 7 .............................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of production and
operating workers .......................................................
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical
assemblers .................................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ..........
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators .......................
Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers .............
Printers .............................................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Printing machine operators ...........................................
Cutting workers .................................................................
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and
tenders ....................................................................
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ......
Miscellaneous production workers ...................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders
Helpers--production workers ........................................
14.49
14.49
13.03
17.76
17.73
18.99
17.85
13.14
1.9
1.9
9.9
15.5
5.3
5.1
5.4
4.3
14.49
14.49
13.24
17.76
17.73
18.99
17.85
13.14
1.9
1.9
9.1
15.5
5.3
5.1
5.4
4.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
13.14
14.51
13.12
9.43
16.37
15.54
13.58
4.3
5.7
11.3
5.1
6.5
15.9
3.3
13.14
14.51
13.12
9.43
16.37
15.54
13.58
4.3
5.7
11.3
5.1
6.5
15.9
3.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers .............................
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer .........................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................
13.79
9.57
11.10
14.98
15.01
16.42
14.78
15.84
13.89
5.6
2.2
4.7
1.6
7.3
2.4
5.9
2.8
3.3
13.90
–
–
–
–
–
14.90
15.84
13.89
5.5
–
–
–
–
–
5.5
2.8
3.3
$9.77
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
6
Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Reading, PA,
January 2006 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Laborers and material movers, hand ................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand ........................................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Packers and packagers, hand ......................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$13.34
9.72
15.00
2.7
1.9
2.1
$13.53
9.80
15.00
3.0
1.1
2.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.96
15.68
12.89
9.65
3.8
4.3
4.2
5.1
15.35
15.68
–
9.37
2.9
4.3
–
6.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded
are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where
a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is
evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and
complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored
to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the
occupation’s rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the
overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information.
4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around
a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories
not shown separately
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
7
Table 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Reading,
PA, January 2006
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
All workers ..............................................................................
$17.42
4.1
$18.49
4.1
$9.38
12.9
Management occupations .................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Industrial production managers ........................................
46.38
45.07
49.61
43.20
11.8
33.4
8.0
34.1
46.38
45.07
49.61
43.20
11.8
33.4
8.0
34.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Business and financial operations occupations .............
Level 7 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
28.10
20.69
34.17
6.8
2.7
11.0
28.10
20.69
34.17
6.8
2.7
11.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
Computer and mathematical science occupations .........
Computer systems analysts .............................................
28.62
32.65
4.2
5.7
28.62
32.65
4.2
5.7
–
–
–
–
Architecture and engineering occupations .....................
Industrial engineers, including health and safety ..........
Industrial engineers ..................................................
32.47
32.93
32.93
10.1
12.8
12.8
32.47
32.93
32.93
10.1
12.8
12.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Postsecondary teachers ...................................................
15.60
38.98
16.1
9.2
–
39.75
–
9.9
–
–
–
–
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........
Level 6 .............................................................
Level 8 .............................................................
22.51
20.13
–
1.5
.9
–
23.51
–
26.85
8.1
–
5.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
Healthcare support occupations .......................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ....................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ......................
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations ................
11.49
11.52
12.72
11.06
10.85
12.30
3.9
4.4
3.0
3.5
6.2
5.6
11.66
–
–
–
–
–
4.0
–
–
–
–
–
10.34
–
–
–
–
–
8.5
–
–
–
–
–
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Food service, tipped .........................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Waiters and waitresses ................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Fast food and counter workers .........................................
Combined food preparation and serving workers,
including fast food ...................................................
7.08
4.92
7.06
3.78
2.77
3.61
2.67
8.17
3.2
14.2
16.9
21.8
3.7
21.3
1.7
7.9
9.00
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.47
4.47
5.95
4.09
2.91
3.90
–
–
9.9
17.9
31.9
22.4
9.8
22.6
–
–
8.45
7.1
–
–
–
–
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
Level 1 .............................................................
11.73
9.45
9.48
9.22
15.2
8.6
7.1
12.7
12.98
10.55
11.06
11.24
14.0
5.4
4.1
6.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.18
10.23
5.3
8.6
11.27
11.24
4.5
6.6
–
–
–
–
Personal care and service occupations ...........................
11.53
19.1
–
–
8.61
10.2
Sales and related occupations ..........................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Retail sales workers .........................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Cashiers, all workers ....................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Cashiers ...................................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Retail salespersons ......................................................
14.99
7.21
8.62
23.88
12.27
7.23
8.62
7.17
6.71
7.17
6.71
15.79
13.4
8.1
8.4
27.9
14.7
9.9
8.4
6.3
.0
6.3
.0
33.7
19.03
–
8.97
23.88
15.09
–
8.97
–
–
–
–
17.96
17.9
–
9.4
27.9
19.2
–
9.4
–
–
–
–
29.2
7.17
7.00
–
–
7.17
6.94
–
6.61
6.47
6.61
6.47
–
6.4
6.6
–
–
8.2
9.9
–
2.2
.0
2.2
.0
–
See footnotes at end of table.
8
Table 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Reading,
PA, January 2006 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Financial clerks .................................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks .............
Customer service representatives ....................................
Order clerks ......................................................................
Receptionists and information clerks ................................
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks ...............................
Level 3 .............................................................
Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
Level 4 .............................................................
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants ....
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........
Level 4 .............................................................
Office clerks, general ........................................................
$14.60
8.12
10.62
12.36
15.95
18.49
17.39
15.60
15.56
10.93
14.81
15.78
15.19
15.39
11.58
12.47
12.33
9.90
16.06
13.75
17.77
15.44
13.63
12.71
3.2
9.0
4.0
3.9
6.6
5.7
7.4
6.1
8.6
2.3
5.2
15.1
7.7
25.0
6.5
6.3
6.2
8.7
6.9
7.0
5.4
10.6
8.5
3.6
$14.90
–
11.12
12.46
15.89
19.03
17.24
15.60
15.86
–
14.81
16.34
15.63
15.39
–
12.47
12.33
–
16.21
13.75
17.77
15.44
13.63
12.67
3.6
–
3.9
4.0
6.9
4.5
7.6
6.1
8.9
–
5.2
15.6
8.4
25.0
–
6.3
6.2
–
7.3
7.0
5.4
10.6
8.5
3.3
$11.30
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Construction and extraction occupations .......................
16.48
4.1
16.45
4.2
–
–
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .........
Level 6 .............................................................
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers .......................................................................
18.85
18.53
12.6
7.0
18.85
18.53
12.6
7.0
–
–
–
–
20.09
3.8
20.09
3.8
–
–
14.99
8.92
11.62
13.31
15.36
17.23
20.90
22.90
2.4
5.8
5.6
7.3
1.7
5.4
1.5
12.8
15.32
9.00
11.83
14.09
15.36
17.23
20.90
22.90
2.0
6.2
5.5
5.2
1.7
5.4
1.5
12.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
22.72
2.2
22.72
2.2
–
–
Production occupations ....................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Level 7 .............................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of production and
operating workers .......................................................
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical
assemblers .................................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ..........
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators .......................
Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers .............
Printers .............................................................................
Printing machine operators ...........................................
Cutting workers .................................................................
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and
tenders ....................................................................
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ......
Miscellaneous production workers ...................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders
Helpers--production workers ........................................
14.49
14.49
13.03
17.76
17.74
17.86
13.14
1.9
1.9
9.9
15.5
5.4
5.5
4.3
14.49
14.49
13.24
17.76
17.74
17.86
13.14
1.9
1.9
9.1
15.5
5.4
5.5
4.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
13.14
14.51
13.05
9.43
15.54
13.35
4.3
5.7
11.4
5.1
15.9
3.4
13.14
14.51
13.05
9.43
15.54
13.35
4.3
5.7
11.4
5.1
15.9
3.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers .............................
13.66
9.57
11.10
15.01
14.93
16.36
14.76
5.7
2.2
4.7
1.7
7.4
2.4
6.0
13.77
9.65
11.10
15.01
14.93
16.36
14.88
5.5
1.7
4.7
1.7
7.4
2.4
5.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
9
Table 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Reading,
PA, January 2006 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer .........................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................
Laborers and material movers, hand ................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand ........................................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Packers and packagers, hand ......................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$15.84
13.89
13.34
9.72
15.00
2.8
3.3
2.7
1.9
2.1
$15.84
13.89
13.53
9.80
15.00
2.8
3.3
3.0
1.1
2.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.96
15.68
12.89
9.65
3.8
4.3
4.2
5.1
15.35
15.68
–
9.37
2.9
4.3
–
6.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded
are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where
a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is
evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and
complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored
to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the
occupation’s rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the
overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information.
4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around
a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories
not shown separately
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
10
Table 4. State and local government workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work
levels3, Reading, PA, January 2006
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
All workers ..............................................................................
$24.70
2.7
$25.54
2.0
$13.66
17.2
Management occupations .................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Education administrators ..................................................
36.17
33.01
42.00
14.3
5.1
10.8
36.17
33.01
42.00
14.3
5.1
10.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 7 .............................................................
Level 8 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education school
teachers ......................................................................
Level 8 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Elementary and middle school teachers .......................
Level 8 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Elementary school teachers, except special
education ............................................................
Level 8 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Secondary school teachers ..........................................
Secondary school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Other teachers and instructors .........................................
Teacher assistants ...........................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
35.43
11.16
38.31
38.04
38.20
1.0
2.0
1.4
.5
.1
37.83
–
38.54
37.68
38.20
1.2
–
1.3
1.3
.1
16.72
11.09
–
–
–
20.6
1.4
–
–
–
37.54
38.08
38.16
37.65
37.16
39.02
.3
.5
.2
2.4
4.2
.1
37.85
37.71
38.16
37.79
37.16
39.02
.7
1.4
.2
2.5
4.2
.1
31.72
–
–
–
–
–
16.2
–
–
–
–
–
38.47
38.39
39.04
37.36
2.6
5.8
.1
4.4
38.63
38.39
39.04
37.87
2.6
5.8
.1
3.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
37.14
37.86
11.35
11.16
4.6
1.5
3.2
2.0
37.65
–
12.71
–
3.3
–
10.2
–
–
–
10.57
11.09
–
–
.9
1.4
Healthcare support occupations .......................................
12.91
1.0
12.91
1.0
–
–
Protective service occupations .........................................
Level 7 .............................................................
Police officers ...................................................................
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers .................................
21.80
25.39
26.75
26.75
2.5
1.9
3.6
3.6
21.92
25.39
26.75
26.75
2.4
1.9
3.6
3.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
12.21
1.1
13.11
5.6
10.15
13.48
10.98
12.64
10.98
7.7
6.4
4.8
6.4
13.83
–
12.97
–
6.3
–
3.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.64
10.98
4.8
6.4
12.97
–
3.6
–
–
–
–
–
15.09
14.64
13.89
16.48
16.48
1.3
2.5
2.4
3.2
3.2
15.10
–
13.96
–
–
1.2
–
2.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........
See footnotes at end of table.
11
.6
Table 4. State and local government workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work
levels3, Reading, PA, January 2006 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Construction and extraction occupations .......................
$17.80
6.8
$17.80
6.8
–
–
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .........
16.41
2.1
16.41
2.1
–
–
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
18.72
9.0
19.46
9.3
–
–
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded
are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where
a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is
evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and
complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored
to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the
occupation’s rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the
overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information.
4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around
a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories
not shown separately
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
12
Table 5. Combined work levels1 for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for full-time and part-time workers3,
Reading, PA, January 2006
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
All workers ..............................................................................
$18.23
3.5
$19.31
3.5
$9.68
11.4
Management occupations .................................................
Group III ............................................................
Industrial production managers ........................................
Education administrators ..................................................
Group III ............................................................
44.40
45.53
43.20
41.97
40.40
10.4
18.2
34.1
11.8
12.7
44.40
–
43.20
41.97
–
10.4
–
34.1
11.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Business and financial operations occupations .............
Group II .............................................................
Group III ............................................................
28.29
22.76
35.40
6.7
5.9
8.7
28.29
–
–
6.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Computer and mathematical science occupations .........
Group II .............................................................
Computer systems analysts .............................................
28.33
25.20
32.65
4.1
11.7
5.7
28.33
–
32.65
4.1
–
5.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
Architecture and engineering occupations .....................
Group II .............................................................
Group III ............................................................
Engineers
Group III ............................................................
Industrial engineers, including health and safety ..........
Industrial engineers ..................................................
32.21
26.81
38.05
10.3
3.7
13.9
32.21
–
–
10.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
38.05
32.93
32.93
13.9
12.8
12.8
–
32.93
32.93
–
12.8
12.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
Community and social services occupations ..................
Group II .............................................................
17.21
17.21
9.2
9.2
17.21
–
9.2
–
–
–
–
–
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Group III ............................................................
Postsecondary teachers ...................................................
Group III ............................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education school
teachers ......................................................................
Group II .............................................................
Group III ............................................................
Elementary and middle school teachers .......................
Group II .............................................................
Group III ............................................................
Elementary school teachers, except special
education ............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Group III ............................................................
Middle school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Secondary school teachers ..........................................
Group II .............................................................
Secondary school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Group II .............................................................
Other teachers and instructors .........................................
Group II .............................................................
Teacher assistants ...........................................................
Group I ..............................................................
31.86
11.06
32.17
39.40
45.49
43.98
6.6
3.2
9.8
.2
7.6
2.8
34.15
–
–
–
45.81
–
7.6
–
–
–
7.7
–
15.17
–
–
–
–
–
20.3
–
–
–
–
–
33.30
31.47
38.16
35.20
33.56
39.02
8.2
11.1
.2
6.5
9.2
.1
34.54
–
–
35.31
–
–
8.5
–
–
6.6
–
–
20.46
–
–
–
–
–
37.4
–
–
–
–
–
38.47
37.99
39.04
2.6
5.1
.1
38.63
38.30
39.04
2.6
4.9
.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
29.84
37.36
37.84
16.0
4.4
6.9
–
37.87
–
–
3.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
37.14
37.85
37.86
37.82
11.35
11.35
4.6
7.2
1.5
1.6
3.2
3.2
37.65
38.73
–
–
12.71
12.71
3.3
5.0
–
–
10.2
10.2
–
–
–
–
10.57
10.57
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........
Group II .............................................................
Registered nurses ............................................................
Group II .............................................................
23.03
21.55
–
–
2.4
3.3
–
–
24.15
–
33.42
27.75
7.3
–
18.0
3.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Healthcare support occupations .......................................
Group I ..............................................................
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ....................
Group I ..............................................................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ......................
11.69
11.78
11.42
11.46
11.37
3.5
3.9
2.3
3.4
3.7
11.85
–
11.43
–
11.39
3.4
–
2.2
–
3.5
10.34
–
–
–
–
8.5
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
13
–
–
–
–
.9
.9
Table 5. Combined work levels1 for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for full-time and part-time workers3,
Reading, PA, January 2006 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants –Continued
Group I ..............................................................
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations ................
Group I ..............................................................
$11.37
12.31
12.31
3.7
5.5
5.5
$11.39
13.21
–
3.5
3.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Protective service occupations .........................................
Group II .............................................................
Police officers ...................................................................
Group II .............................................................
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers .................................
Group II .............................................................
19.45
21.42
26.75
27.03
26.75
27.03
8.4
2.6
3.6
4.1
3.6
4.1
21.24
–
26.75
–
26.75
27.03
2.7
–
3.6
–
3.6
4.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
Group I ..............................................................
Cooks ...............................................................................
Food preparation workers .................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Food service, tipped .........................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Waiters and waitresses ................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Fast food and counter workers .........................................
Group I ..............................................................
Combined food preparation and serving workers,
including fast food ...................................................
Group I ..............................................................
7.50
6.92
10.98
9.19
9.19
3.86
3.86
3.61
3.61
8.57
8.61
5.0
6.4
6.3
12.1
12.1
21.1
21.1
21.3
21.3
7.4
7.6
9.48
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$5.69
–
–
–
–
4.11
–
3.90
3.90
7.95
–
9.8
–
–
–
–
22.1
–
22.6
22.6
9.0
–
8.46
8.51
7.0
7.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
Group I ..............................................................
12.19
10.76
10.67
10.67
10.5
5.1
5.8
5.8
13.23
–
11.99
–
9.5
–
3.4
–
7.25
–
7.25
–
6.7
–
6.7
–
11.30
11.30
4.2
4.2
12.17
12.17
3.3
3.3
7.88
7.88
4.1
4.1
Personal care and service occupations ...........................
Group I ..............................................................
11.43
8.75
18.8
7.4
–
–
–
–
8.57
–
9.7
–
Sales and related occupations ..........................................
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Retail sales workers .........................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Cashiers, all workers ....................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Cashiers ...................................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Retail salespersons ......................................................
Group I ..............................................................
14.98
11.66
22.24
12.26
12.14
7.19
7.19
7.19
7.19
15.79
15.79
13.4
13.7
9.3
14.7
15.1
6.4
6.4
6.4
6.4
33.7
33.7
19.03
–
–
15.09
–
–
–
–
–
17.96
17.96
17.9
–
–
19.2
–
–
–
–
–
29.2
29.2
7.18
–
–
7.19
–
6.64
–
6.64
6.64
–
–
6.4
–
–
8.1
–
2.3
–
2.3
2.3
–
–
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Financial clerks .................................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks .............
Group I ..............................................................
Customer service representatives ....................................
Group II .............................................................
Order clerks ......................................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Receptionists and information clerks ................................
Group I ..............................................................
Dispatchers .......................................................................
14.64
13.26
17.77
15.57
13.40
17.61
15.78
12.20
15.19
17.78
15.39
15.77
11.58
11.58
17.37
3.0
3.3
4.5
7.9
3.5
10.8
13.1
6.5
7.7
9.7
25.0
26.5
6.5
6.5
18.9
14.91
–
–
15.85
–
–
16.26
12.78
15.63
17.78
15.39
15.77
–
–
–
3.3
–
–
8.2
–
–
13.6
11.7
8.4
9.7
25.0
26.5
–
–
–
11.36
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
14
Table 5. Combined work levels1 for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for full-time and part-time workers3,
Reading, PA, January 2006 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks ...............................
Group I ..............................................................
Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................
Group I ..............................................................
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants ....
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Data entry and information processing workers ...............
Office clerks, general ........................................................
Group I ..............................................................
$12.47
12.47
9.90
9.74
16.10
13.84
18.42
17.77
15.62
13.75
20.38
16.29
12.69
12.69
6.3
6.3
8.7
8.5
6.1
6.5
7.8
5.4
8.7
7.7
9.1
7.9
3.5
3.5
$12.47
12.47
–
–
16.25
–
–
17.77
15.63
13.76
20.38
16.29
12.56
12.56
6.3
6.3
–
–
6.4
–
–
5.4
8.7
7.7
9.1
7.9
2.8
2.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Construction and extraction occupations .......................
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
16.62
13.02
20.63
3.8
3.8
4.8
16.59
–
–
3.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .........
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers .......................................................................
Group II .............................................................
Maintenance and repair workers, general ....................
18.67
13.57
20.38
12.0
8.6
10.9
18.67
–
–
12.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
19.21
20.07
16.83
2.0
2.5
3.2
19.21
–
16.83
2.0
–
3.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.00
12.96
19.44
2.4
5.4
.4
15.32
–
–
2.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
22.72
2.2
22.72
2.2
–
–
Production occupations ....................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of production and
operating workers .......................................................
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical
assemblers .................................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ..........
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators .......................
Group I ..............................................................
Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers .............
Printers .............................................................................
Group II .............................................................
Printing machine operators ...........................................
Group II .............................................................
Cutting workers .................................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and
tenders ....................................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ......
Group I ..............................................................
Miscellaneous production workers ...................................
Group I ..............................................................
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders
Helpers--production workers ........................................
Group I ..............................................................
14.49
14.49
13.03
11.63
17.76
17.73
18.52
17.85
18.83
13.14
13.14
1.9
1.9
9.9
4.3
15.5
5.3
7.4
5.4
6.6
4.3
4.3
14.49
14.49
13.24
–
17.76
17.73
–
17.85
18.83
13.14
–
1.9
1.9
9.1
–
15.5
5.3
–
5.4
6.6
4.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
13.14
13.14
14.51
14.51
13.12
12.48
15.54
13.58
13.58
4.3
4.3
5.7
5.7
11.3
15.8
15.9
3.3
3.3
13.14
13.14
14.51
14.51
13.12
–
15.54
13.58
13.58
4.3
4.3
5.7
5.7
11.3
–
15.9
3.3
3.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers .............................
Group I ..............................................................
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer .........................
Group I ..............................................................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................
Laborers and material movers, hand ................................
Group I ..............................................................
13.79
12.54
16.60
14.78
12.54
15.84
14.66
13.89
13.34
13.34
5.6
4.5
2.9
5.9
9.1
2.8
3.4
3.3
2.7
2.7
13.90
–
–
14.90
–
15.84
14.66
13.89
13.53
–
5.5
–
–
5.5
–
2.8
3.4
3.3
3.0
–
$9.77
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
15
Table 5. Combined work levels1 for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for full-time and part-time workers3,
Reading, PA, January 2006 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand ........................................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Packers and packagers, hand ......................................
Group I ..............................................................
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$14.96
14.96
12.89
12.89
3.8
3.8
4.2
4.2
$15.35
15.35
–
–
2.9
2.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1 Combined work levels simplify the presentation of work levels by combining
levels 1 through 15 into four broad groups. Group I combines levels 1-4, group II
combines levels 5-8, group III combines levels 9-12, and group IV combines
levels 13-15.
2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded
are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where
a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around
a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories
not shown separately
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
16
Table 6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, Reading, PA, January 2006
Occupation2
10
25
Median
50
75
90
All workers ..............................................................................
$8.25
$11.07
$15.33
$20.90
$31.25
Management occupations .................................................
Industrial production managers ........................................
Education administrators ..................................................
25.15
28.71
27.28
27.26
34.68
30.53
34.68
34.68
44.08
50.52
42.37
51.54
78.37
75.96
52.50
Business and financial operations occupations .............
17.93
21.15
26.76
31.88
42.07
Computer and mathematical science occupations .........
Computer systems analysts .............................................
19.58
24.34
22.35
28.56
28.56
32.96
35.34
37.61
38.11
39.16
Architecture and engineering occupations .....................
Industrial engineers, including health and safety ..........
Industrial engineers ..................................................
17.31
21.96
21.96
19.23
27.50
27.50
32.69
32.94
32.94
41.46
38.08
38.08
46.88
43.45
43.45
Community and social services occupations ..................
10.79
15.87
16.32
18.03
22.39
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Postsecondary teachers ...................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education school
teachers ......................................................................
Elementary and middle school teachers .......................
Elementary school teachers, except special
education ............................................................
Middle school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Secondary school teachers ..........................................
Secondary school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Other teachers and instructors .........................................
Teacher assistants ...........................................................
10.82
28.72
15.98
38.83
33.29
46.07
43.81
50.79
50.33
61.74
11.08
12.50
26.35
28.33
34.43
34.52
44.38
45.16
49.63
50.23
26.71
30.42
36.22
46.86
51.30
11.55
26.49
12.36
30.06
30.54
35.13
38.62
44.40
46.86
50.01
26.35
27.77
8.00
30.06
31.11
9.75
35.13
37.84
11.33
43.95
45.24
12.10
50.88
51.09
15.10
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........
16.77
19.75
20.62
24.01
30.73
Healthcare support occupations .......................................
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ....................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ......................
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations ................
10.04
10.09
8.65
8.66
11.01
11.00
10.25
10.85
11.35
11.35
11.43
12.76
12.76
11.49
12.10
14.16
14.16
12.94
13.01
14.16
Protective service occupations .........................................
Police officers ...................................................................
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers .................................
9.50
23.61
23.61
14.38
23.61
23.61
18.93
27.26
27.26
25.22
28.09
28.09
28.48
30.74
30.74
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
Cooks ...............................................................................
Food preparation workers .................................................
Food service, tipped .........................................................
Waiters and waitresses ................................................
Fast food and counter workers .........................................
Combined food preparation and serving workers,
including fast food ...................................................
2.57
9.00
7.00
2.53
2.53
6.00
2.83
9.00
7.00
2.57
2.57
6.75
7.90
10.00
8.00
2.83
2.83
7.73
10.00
13.33
11.25
3.25
3.25
10.49
13.46
15.72
12.93
9.75
9.75
11.75
6.75
7.25
7.73
10.01
10.49
7.25
7.00
9.00
8.50
11.01
10.65
14.50
12.29
20.19
14.85
7.81
9.32
11.13
12.92
15.55
Personal care and service occupations ...........................
6.25
7.66
8.42
11.00
21.46
Sales and related occupations ..........................................
Retail sales workers .........................................................
Cashiers, all workers ....................................................
Cashiers ...................................................................
Retail salespersons ......................................................
6.50
6.18
5.65
5.65
7.50
7.00
7.00
6.30
6.30
8.01
8.69
8.01
7.00
7.00
12.00
17.80
13.75
7.25
7.25
20.05
23.25
20.05
8.43
8.43
26.66
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Financial clerks .................................................................
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks .............
Customer service representatives ....................................
10.00
10.66
10.50
10.79
11.75
12.50
12.50
12.25
13.57
15.50
15.19
14.19
17.24
18.98
21.00
17.88
21.00
21.88
22.00
21.24
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
See footnotes at end of table.
17
Table 6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, Reading, PA, January 2006 — Continued
10
25
Median
50
75
90
Order clerks ......................................................................
Receptionists and information clerks ................................
Dispatchers .......................................................................
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks ...............................
Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants ....
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........
Data entry and information processing workers ...............
Office clerks, general ........................................................
$10.50
8.55
10.25
10.10
6.80
11.07
12.88
10.00
12.15
10.00
$11.50
9.35
10.25
10.50
7.35
12.88
16.86
13.90
14.08
11.75
$12.30
12.25
17.13
11.12
9.95
15.73
17.07
15.60
18.00
12.00
$22.98
13.00
23.75
15.25
12.70
19.00
19.40
16.02
18.00
14.60
$22.98
13.00
23.80
16.52
13.45
22.14
21.31
25.00
18.00
15.43
Construction and extraction occupations .......................
11.00
12.25
15.60
20.00
25.70
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .........
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers .......................................................................
Maintenance and repair workers, general ....................
11.24
14.35
16.50
21.25
24.75
15.01
14.96
16.74
15.50
17.80
17.80
22.30
17.80
22.50
17.80
Production occupations ....................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of production and
operating workers .......................................................
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical
assemblers .................................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ..........
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators .......................
Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers .............
Printers .............................................................................
Printing machine operators ...........................................
Cutting workers .................................................................
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and
tenders ....................................................................
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ......
Miscellaneous production workers ...................................
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and
tenders ....................................................................
Helpers--production workers ........................................
8.50
10.70
15.25
17.45
21.50
15.95
21.13
23.42
23.42
27.00
11.25
11.25
8.50
13.48
15.78
14.29
7.68
13.00
13.00
9.84
13.48
16.25
16.25
8.75
14.85
14.85
13.20
18.61
17.00
18.65
12.75
14.85
14.85
15.50
21.20
19.25
19.31
17.68
16.44
16.44
16.88
22.30
20.50
22.62
17.73
7.68
12.00
8.00
8.75
13.40
9.25
12.75
15.25
13.85
17.68
15.25
16.57
17.73
17.12
17.75
9.36
8.50
14.72
11.24
16.57
13.85
18.47
16.60
18.47
16.60
9.00
10.10
13.84
10.45
9.30
10.48
13.84
14.26
11.85
10.25
14.12
14.61
15.00
14.14
13.95
15.90
17.00
18.23
15.70
15.90
18.23
18.95
19.20
17.25
17.53
9.65
8.90
14.25
10.90
15.90
13.95
17.53
13.95
17.73
15.35
Occupation2
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers .............................
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer .........................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................
Laborers and material movers, hand ................................
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand ........................................................................
Packers and packagers, hand ......................................
1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are
calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are
scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours
are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the
same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth
of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the
75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly
wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay.
Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays;
nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not
meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data
for categories not shown separately
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
18
Table 7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, Reading, PA, January 2006
Occupation2
10
25
Median
50
75
90
All workers ..............................................................................
$8.00
$10.68
$14.85
$20.05
$28.56
Management occupations .................................................
Industrial production managers ........................................
26.54
28.71
27.26
34.68
34.68
34.68
51.80
42.37
84.14
75.96
Business and financial operations occupations .............
17.83
21.15
26.76
31.88
41.23
Computer and mathematical science occupations .........
Computer systems analysts .............................................
22.35
24.34
22.35
28.56
28.56
32.96
35.37
37.61
38.19
39.16
Architecture and engineering occupations .....................
Industrial engineers, including health and safety ..........
Industrial engineers ..................................................
18.05
21.96
21.96
21.96
27.50
27.50
32.69
32.94
32.94
41.46
38.08
38.08
46.88
43.45
43.45
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Postsecondary teachers ...................................................
9.20
20.43
10.00
23.55
11.55
33.28
15.98
58.71
28.72
63.16
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........
16.77
19.29
19.97
23.73
30.73
Healthcare support occupations .......................................
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ....................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ......................
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations ................
8.66
9.25
8.65
8.66
10.67
10.55
10.25
10.85
11.35
11.35
11.01
12.76
12.20
11.35
11.54
14.16
13.63
12.10
12.94
14.16
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
Food service, tipped .........................................................
Waiters and waitresses ................................................
Fast food and counter workers .........................................
Combined food preparation and serving workers,
including fast food ...................................................
2.57
2.53
2.53
6.00
2.83
2.57
2.57
6.75
7.00
2.83
2.83
7.55
9.75
3.25
3.25
10.00
12.75
9.75
9.75
10.49
6.75
7.25
7.73
10.01
10.49
7.00
6.25
9.00
7.25
10.75
9.40
12.13
11.81
20.19
11.81
7.25
8.00
9.77
11.81
11.81
Personal care and service occupations ...........................
6.25
7.66
8.59
11.04
21.46
Sales and related occupations ..........................................
Retail sales workers .........................................................
Cashiers, all workers ....................................................
Cashiers ...................................................................
Retail salespersons ......................................................
6.50
6.18
5.65
5.65
7.50
7.00
7.00
6.30
6.30
8.01
8.69
8.01
7.00
7.00
12.00
17.80
13.75
7.25
7.25
20.05
23.25
20.05
8.43
8.43
26.66
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Financial clerks .................................................................
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks .............
Customer service representatives ....................................
Order clerks ......................................................................
Receptionists and information clerks ................................
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks ...............................
Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants ....
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........
Office clerks, general ........................................................
10.00
10.55
10.50
10.79
10.50
8.55
10.10
6.80
10.00
12.88
10.00
10.45
11.75
12.37
11.45
12.25
11.50
9.35
10.50
7.35
12.88
16.86
12.68
11.75
13.11
15.06
12.50
14.19
12.30
12.25
11.12
9.95
15.73
17.07
13.90
12.00
17.65
19.00
21.00
17.88
22.98
13.00
15.25
12.70
19.00
19.40
15.73
14.60
21.24
22.00
22.00
21.24
22.98
13.00
16.52
13.45
22.14
21.31
25.00
15.43
Construction and extraction occupations .......................
10.50
12.25
14.23
20.00
27.00
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .........
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers .......................................................................
11.21
14.35
16.74
21.65
29.08
16.74
17.80
19.25
22.30
22.50
Production occupations ....................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of production and
operating workers .......................................................
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical
assemblers .................................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ..........
8.50
10.70
15.25
17.45
21.50
15.95
21.13
23.42
23.42
27.00
11.25
11.25
13.00
13.00
14.85
14.85
14.85
14.85
16.44
16.44
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
See footnotes at end of table.
19
Table 7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, Reading, PA, January 2006 — Continued
10
25
Median
50
75
90
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators .......................
Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers .............
Printers .............................................................................
Printing machine operators ...........................................
Cutting workers .................................................................
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and
tenders ....................................................................
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ......
Miscellaneous production workers ...................................
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and
tenders ....................................................................
Helpers--production workers ........................................
$8.50
13.48
15.78
13.59
7.68
$9.84
13.48
16.25
16.25
8.75
$13.20
18.61
17.00
18.65
12.75
$15.50
21.20
19.25
19.31
17.68
$16.88
22.30
20.50
22.62
17.73
7.68
12.00
8.00
8.75
13.40
9.25
12.75
15.25
13.85
17.68
15.25
16.33
17.73
17.12
17.75
9.36
8.50
14.72
11.24
16.57
13.85
18.47
16.60
18.47
16.60
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers .............................
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer .........................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................
Laborers and material movers, hand ................................
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand ........................................................................
Packers and packagers, hand ......................................
8.91
10.10
13.84
10.45
9.30
10.40
13.66
14.26
11.85
10.25
14.00
14.61
15.00
14.14
13.95
15.90
16.99
18.23
15.70
15.90
18.23
18.69
19.20
17.25
17.53
9.65
8.90
14.25
10.90
15.90
13.95
17.53
13.95
17.73
15.35
Occupation2
1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are
calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are
scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours
are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the
same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth
of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the
75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly
wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay.
Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays;
nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not
meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data
for categories not shown separately
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
20
Table 8. State and local government workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, Reading, PA, January 2006
Occupation2
10
25
Median
50
75
90
All workers ..............................................................................
$11.43
$14.63
$19.55
$33.12
$46.86
Management occupations .................................................
Education administrators ..................................................
25.15
30.53
25.15
30.53
30.53
44.57
48.08
51.54
51.94
51.99
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Primary, secondary, and special education school
teachers ......................................................................
Elementary and middle school teachers .......................
Elementary school teachers, except special
education ............................................................
Secondary school teachers ..........................................
Secondary school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Other teachers and instructors .........................................
Teacher assistants ...........................................................
12.41
28.69
35.13
46.07
50.79
26.35
26.35
30.06
30.05
35.13
35.54
46.11
46.11
50.23
50.62
26.71
26.49
30.42
30.06
36.22
35.13
46.86
44.40
51.30
50.01
26.35
27.77
8.00
30.06
31.11
9.75
35.13
37.84
11.33
43.95
45.24
12.10
50.88
51.09
15.10
Healthcare support occupations .......................................
10.62
11.43
12.01
14.08
17.60
Protective service occupations .........................................
Police officers ...................................................................
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers .................................
18.01
23.61
23.61
18.93
23.61
23.61
19.33
27.26
27.26
25.22
28.09
28.09
28.09
30.74
30.74
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
9.15
10.84
11.97
13.33
14.60
10.00
9.60
10.87
10.82
12.92
12.66
15.00
14.58
17.28
16.27
9.60
10.82
12.66
14.58
16.27
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........
11.95
14.35
14.35
13.49
14.39
14.39
15.14
16.10
16.10
16.18
17.65
17.65
17.65
17.65
17.65
Construction and extraction occupations .......................
15.60
15.80
15.96
16.51
24.30
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .........
13.28
15.01
15.45
17.17
21.63
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
13.91
15.34
18.55
20.18
26.19
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are
calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are
scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours
are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the
same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth
of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the
75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly
wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay.
Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays;
nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not
meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data
for categories not shown separately
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
21
Table 9. Full-time1 civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles2, Reading, PA, January 2006
Full-time workers
Occupation3
10
25
Median
50
75
90
All workers ..............................................................................
$9.77
$12.00
$15.96
$22.14
$32.69
Management occupations .................................................
Industrial production managers ........................................
Education administrators ..................................................
25.15
28.71
27.28
27.26
34.68
30.53
34.68
34.68
44.08
50.52
42.37
51.54
78.37
75.96
52.50
Business and financial operations occupations .............
17.93
21.15
26.76
31.88
42.07
Computer and mathematical science occupations .........
Computer systems analysts .............................................
19.58
24.34
22.35
28.56
28.56
32.96
35.34
37.61
38.11
39.16
Architecture and engineering occupations .....................
Industrial engineers, including health and safety ..........
Industrial engineers ..................................................
17.31
21.96
21.96
19.23
27.50
27.50
32.69
32.94
32.94
41.46
38.08
38.08
46.88
43.45
43.45
Community and social services occupations ..................
10.79
15.87
16.32
18.03
22.39
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Postsecondary teachers ...................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education school
teachers ......................................................................
Elementary and middle school teachers .......................
Elementary school teachers, except special
education ............................................................
Secondary school teachers ..........................................
Secondary school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Teacher assistants ...........................................................
11.55
29.55
27.35
38.83
34.55
46.07
45.16
54.63
50.79
61.74
12.36
21.93
28.33
28.33
34.55
34.52
44.40
45.16
50.13
50.23
27.28
28.43
30.42
30.06
36.31
35.13
46.86
45.05
51.30
50.88
28.11
10.25
30.06
11.25
35.13
11.67
44.40
15.10
50.98
16.86
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........
Registered nurses ............................................................
16.02
26.19
18.82
26.91
21.01
26.96
26.96
34.11
31.52
66.00
Healthcare support occupations .......................................
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ....................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ......................
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations ................
10.15
10.09
8.65
10.15
11.35
11.01
10.25
12.61
11.35
11.35
11.43
13.00
12.76
11.49
12.01
14.16
14.16
12.94
13.02
16.00
Protective service occupations .........................................
Police officers ...................................................................
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers .................................
14.38
23.61
23.61
18.93
23.61
23.61
19.33
27.26
27.26
26.67
28.09
28.09
28.48
30.74
30.74
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
2.57
8.00
9.50
12.50
13.46
9.00
9.32
10.61
10.09
11.81
11.81
15.00
13.46
20.19
15.75
9.60
10.63
11.81
13.73
15.75
Sales and related occupations ..........................................
Retail sales workers .........................................................
Retail salespersons ......................................................
7.00
7.00
8.00
8.69
7.67
8.69
14.68
10.66
13.75
21.27
19.41
20.05
31.25
24.85
32.85
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Financial clerks .................................................................
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks .............
Customer service representatives ....................................
Order clerks ......................................................................
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks ...............................
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants ....
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........
Data entry and information processing workers ...............
Office clerks, general ........................................................
10.25
11.18
11.09
12.02
10.50
10.10
10.00
12.88
10.00
12.15
10.00
12.00
12.50
12.50
12.55
11.50
10.50
13.90
16.86
13.90
14.08
11.75
13.90
15.50
15.91
14.34
12.30
11.12
15.73
17.07
15.60
18.00
12.00
17.52
19.00
21.00
18.40
22.98
15.25
19.00
19.40
16.02
18.00
13.90
21.31
22.00
22.00
21.55
22.98
16.52
22.14
21.31
25.00
18.00
15.43
Construction and extraction occupations .......................
11.00
12.25
15.50
18.50
25.70
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .........
11.24
14.35
16.50
21.25
24.75
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
See footnotes at end of table.
22
Table 9. Full-time1 civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles2, Reading, PA, January 2006 — Continued
Full-time workers
Occupation3
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers .......................................................................
Maintenance and repair workers, general ....................
Production occupations ....................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of production and
operating workers .......................................................
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical
assemblers .................................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ..........
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators .......................
Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers .............
Printers .............................................................................
Printing machine operators ...........................................
Cutting workers .................................................................
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and
tenders ....................................................................
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ......
Miscellaneous production workers ...................................
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and
tenders ....................................................................
Helpers--production workers ........................................
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers .............................
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer .........................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................
Laborers and material movers, hand ................................
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand ........................................................................
10
25
Median
50
75
90
$15.01
14.96
$16.74
15.50
$17.80
17.80
$22.30
17.80
$22.50
17.80
9.25
11.35
15.25
17.45
21.50
15.95
21.13
23.42
23.42
27.00
11.25
11.25
8.50
13.48
15.78
14.29
7.68
13.00
13.00
10.69
13.48
16.25
16.25
8.75
14.85
14.85
13.40
18.61
17.00
18.65
12.75
14.85
14.85
15.60
21.20
19.25
19.31
17.68
16.44
16.44
16.95
22.30
20.50
22.62
17.73
7.68
12.00
8.00
8.75
13.40
9.25
12.75
15.25
13.85
17.68
15.25
16.57
17.73
17.12
17.75
9.36
8.50
14.72
11.24
16.57
13.85
18.47
16.60
18.47
16.60
9.00
10.50
13.84
10.45
9.75
10.50
13.95
14.26
11.85
10.28
14.21
14.63
15.00
14.14
13.95
16.00
17.00
18.23
15.70
15.90
18.23
18.95
19.20
17.25
17.53
11.61
14.25
15.90
17.53
17.73
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore,
a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a
full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in
another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are
calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are
scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours
are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the
same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth
of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the
75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly
wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay.
Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays;
nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not
meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data
for categories not shown separately
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
23
Table 10. Part-time1 civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles2, Reading, PA, January 2006
Part-time workers
Occupation3
10
25
Median
50
75
90
All workers ..............................................................................
$3.25
$6.50
$8.00
$10.90
$19.97
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Primary, secondary, and special education school
teachers ......................................................................
Teacher assistants ...........................................................
8.75
9.53
10.90
12.62
29.60
8.75
8.00
9.20
9.53
10.80
10.56
24.51
11.85
48.65
12.62
Healthcare support occupations .......................................
7.75
8.66
10.85
11.71
12.10
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
Food service, tipped .........................................................
Waiters and waitresses ................................................
Fast food and counter workers .........................................
2.60
2.57
2.57
6.00
2.83
2.60
2.60
6.50
5.25
2.83
2.83
7.25
8.00
3.25
3.25
8.50
10.00
9.75
9.75
12.50
6.00
6.00
6.25
6.25
7.07
7.07
7.81
7.81
9.00
9.00
7.07
7.07
7.81
7.81
9.00
Personal care and service occupations ...........................
6.25
6.50
8.00
9.20
12.00
Sales and related occupations ..........................................
Retail sales workers .........................................................
Cashiers, all workers ....................................................
Cashiers ...................................................................
5.50
5.50
5.50
5.50
6.18
6.00
6.00
6.00
7.00
7.00
6.50
6.50
8.00
8.01
7.25
7.25
8.01
8.01
8.00
8.00
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
6.80
8.55
10.50
12.72
17.94
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
7.50
8.03
8.03
10.90
15.34
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore,
a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a
full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in
another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are
calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are
scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours
are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the
same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth
of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the
75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly
wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay.
Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays;
nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not
meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data
for categories not shown separately
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
24
Table 11. Full-time1 civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and
annual hours, Reading, PA, January 2006
Hourly earnings3
Weekly earnings4
Occupation2
Annual earnings5
Mean
weekly
hours
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
$646
40.1
$39,403
$33,800
2,041
1,834
1,728
1,620
1,387
1,387
1,653
41.3
40.0
38.6
95,386
89,847
84,258
72,141
72,141
85,952
2,148
2,080
2,008
26.76
1,136
1,067
40.1
59,072
55,501
2,088
28.33
32.65
28.56
32.96
1,125
1,298
1,107
1,318
39.7
39.7
58,475
67,480
57,542
68,559
2,064
2,067
Mean
Median
Mean
Median
All workers ................................................
$19.31
$15.96
$775
Management occupations ...................
Industrial production managers ..........
Education administrators ....................
44.40
43.20
41.97
34.68
34.68
44.08
Business and financial operations
occupations ....................................
28.29
Computer and mathematical science
occupations ....................................
Computer systems analysts ...............
Architecture and engineering
occupations ....................................
Industrial engineers, including
health and safety ......................
Industrial engineers ....................
32.21
32.69
1,315
1,308
40.8
68,365
67,995
2,122
32.93
32.93
32.94
32.94
1,317
1,317
1,318
1,318
40.0
40.0
68,489
68,489
68,515
68,515
2,080
2,080
Community and social services
occupations ....................................
17.21
16.32
680
653
39.5
34,957
33,954
2,031
34.15
45.81
34.55
46.07
1,278
1,751
1,300
1,728
37.4
38.2
48,899
67,649
49,268
69,104
1,432
1,477
34.54
34.55
1,301
1,296
37.7
49,030
48,711
1,420
35.31
34.52
1,328
1,296
37.6
50,022
48,711
1,416
38.63
37.87
36.31
35.13
1,445
1,414
1,358
1,317
37.4
37.3
54,094
52,841
50,499
49,268
1,400
1,395
37.65
12.71
35.13
11.67
1,412
379
1,317
295
37.5
29.8
52,759
13,935
49,268
11,024
1,401
1,096
24.15
33.42
21.01
26.96
941
1,328
814
1,078
39.0
39.7
48,948
69,040
42,336
56,068
2,027
2,066
11.85
11.35
454
454
38.3
23,578
23,606
1,989
11.43
11.35
449
454
39.3
23,336
23,606
2,042
11.39
11.43
442
429
38.8
22,976
22,289
2,018
13.21
13.00
466
467
35.3
24,104
24,274
1,824
Protective service occupations ...........
Police officers .....................................
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers ...
21.24
26.75
26.75
19.33
27.26
27.26
845
1,090
1,090
757
1,116
1,116
39.8
40.8
40.8
43,931
56,701
56,701
39,374
58,029
58,029
2,068
2,120
2,120
Food preparation and serving related
occupations ....................................
9.48
9.50
364
380
38.4
18,669
18,699
1,968
Education, training, and library
occupations ....................................
Postsecondary teachers .....................
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers ............
Elementary and middle school
teachers ....................................
Elementary school teachers,
except special education ......
Secondary school teachers ............
Secondary school teachers,
except special and vocational
education ..............................
Teacher assistants .............................
Healthcare practitioner and technical
occupations ....................................
Registered nurses ..............................
Healthcare support occupations .........
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health
aides .............................................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and
attendants .................................
Miscellaneous healthcare support
occupations ..................................
Building and grounds cleaning and
maintenance occupations .............
Building cleaning workers ...................
Janitors and cleaners, except
maids and housekeeping
cleaners ....................................
13.23
11.99
11.81
11.81
530
474
464
472
40.0
39.5
26,671
24,640
22,360
24,554
2,015
2,056
12.17
11.81
481
472
39.5
24,995
24,554
2,054
Sales and related occupations ............
Retail sales workers ...........................
19.03
15.09
14.68
10.66
748
584
587
405
39.3
38.7
38,917
30,351
30,532
21,068
2,045
2,011
See footnotes at end of table.
25
Table 11. Full-time1 civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and
annual hours, Reading, PA, January 2006 — Continued
Hourly earnings3
Weekly earnings4
Occupation2
Retail salespersons ........................
Annual earnings5
Mean
weekly
hours
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
$550
40.5
$37,858
$28,600
2,108
590
628
542
595
39.5
39.6
30,436
32,642
28,079
30,930
2,041
2,060
15.91
14.34
12.30
639
622
636
568
573
492
39.3
39.8
41.4
33,235
32,359
33,097
29,539
29,771
25,584
2,044
2,070
2,150
12.47
11.12
499
445
40.0
25,930
23,130
2,080
16.25
15.73
625
629
38.4
32,477
32,718
1,999
17.77
17.07
710
683
39.9
36,903
35,499
2,077
Mean
Median
Mean
Median
$17.96
$13.75
$728
14.91
15.85
13.90
15.50
16.26
15.63
15.39
Office and administrative support
occupations ....................................
Financial clerks ...................................
Bookkeeping, accounting, and
auditing clerks ...........................
Customer service representatives ......
Order clerks ........................................
Shipping, receiving, and traffic
clerks ............................................
Secretaries and administrative
assistants ......................................
Executive secretaries and
administrative assistants ..........
Secretaries, except legal, medical,
and executive ...........................
Data entry and information processing
workers .........................................
Office clerks, general ..........................
15.63
15.60
590
574
37.8
30,681
29,838
1,963
16.29
12.56
18.00
12.00
643
478
720
480
39.5
38.1
33,457
24,455
37,440
24,960
2,053
1,947
Construction and extraction
occupations ....................................
16.59
15.50
655
600
39.5
34,045
31,200
2,053
18.67
16.50
755
669
40.5
39,283
34,778
2,104
19.21
17.80
757
712
39.4
39,358
37,024
2,048
16.83
17.80
652
712
38.7
33,902
37,024
2,015
15.32
15.25
612
610
39.9
31,830
31,720
2,077
22.72
23.42
956
1,054
42.1
49,735
54,798
2,189
14.49
14.85
580
594
40.0
30,135
30,888
2,080
14.49
14.85
580
594
40.0
30,135
30,888
2,080
13.24
13.40
530
536
40.0
27,545
27,872
2,080
17.76
17.73
17.85
13.14
18.61
17.00
18.65
12.75
711
709
714
526
744
680
746
510
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
36,948
36,876
37,119
27,336
38,705
35,360
38,792
26,520
2,080
2,080
2,080
2,080
13.14
12.75
526
510
40.0
27,336
26,520
2,080
14.51
13.12
15.25
13.85
580
525
610
554
40.0
40.0
30,177
27,279
31,720
28,808
2,080
2,080
15.54
13.58
16.57
13.85
622
543
663
554
40.0
40.0
32,326
28,257
34,466
28,808
2,080
2,080
Installation, maintenance, and repair
occupations ....................................
Industrial machinery installation,
repair, and maintenance
workers .........................................
Maintenance and repair workers,
general ......................................
Production occupations ......................
First-line supervisors/managers of
production and operating
workers .........................................
Electrical, electronics, and
electromechanical assemblers .....
Electrical and electronic equipment
assemblers ...............................
Miscellaneous assemblers and
fabricators .....................................
Miscellaneous metalworkers and
plastic workers ..............................
Printers ...............................................
Printing machine operators .............
Cutting workers ...................................
Cutting and slicing machine setters,
operators, and tenders .............
Packaging and filling machine
operators and tenders ..................
Miscellaneous production workers .....
Paper goods machine setters,
operators, and tenders .............
Helpers--production workers ..........
See footnotes at end of table.
26
Table 11. Full-time1 civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and
annual hours, Reading, PA, January 2006 — Continued
Hourly earnings3
Weekly earnings4
Occupation2
Transportation and material moving
occupations ....................................
Driver/sales workers and truck
drivers ...........................................
Truck drivers, heavy and
tractor-trailer .............................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ..
Laborers and material movers, hand ..
Laborers and freight, stock, and
material movers, hand ..............
Annual earnings5
Mean
weekly
hours
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
$600
43.5
$31,437
$31,200
2,262
672
726
45.1
34,935
37,752
2,345
15.00
14.14
13.95
741
555
547
729
566
558
46.8
40.0
40.4
38,528
28,886
28,435
37,908
29,411
29,016
2,433
2,080
2,101
15.90
614
636
40.0
31,926
33,072
2,080
Mean
Median
Mean
Median
$13.90
$14.21
$605
14.90
14.63
15.84
13.89
13.53
15.35
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm,
where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and
hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays,
nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay
of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See
appendix A for more information.
4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries
paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of
the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly
hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of
overtime.
5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries
paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of
the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual
hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of
overtime.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for
categories not shown separately
27
Table 12. Full-time1 private industry workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean
weekly and annual hours, Reading, PA, January 2006
Hourly earnings3
Weekly earnings4
Occupation2
Annual earnings5
Mean
weekly
hours
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
$631
40.4
$38,578
$32,720
2,087
1,900
1,728
1,387
1,387
41.0
40.0
98,797
89,847
72,141
72,141
2,130
2,080
26.76
1,129
1,067
40.2
58,721
55,501
2,090
28.62
32.65
28.56
32.96
1,141
1,298
1,107
1,318
39.9
39.7
59,320
67,480
57,542
68,559
2,073
2,067
Mean
Median
Mean
Median
All workers ................................................
$18.49
$15.60
$747
Management occupations ...................
Industrial production managers ..........
46.38
43.20
34.68
34.68
Business and financial operations
occupations ....................................
28.10
Computer and mathematical science
occupations ....................................
Computer systems analysts ...............
Architecture and engineering
occupations ....................................
Industrial engineers, including
health and safety ......................
Industrial engineers ....................
Postsecondary teachers .....................
32.47
32.69
1,329
1,308
40.9
69,125
67,995
2,129
32.93
32.93
39.75
32.94
32.94
33.56
1,317
1,317
1,590
1,318
1,318
1,343
40.0
40.0
40.0
68,489
68,489
60,631
68,515
68,515
55,310
2,080
2,080
1,525
Healthcare practitioner and technical
occupations ....................................
23.51
20.91
918
803
39.1
47,757
41,766
2,032
Healthcare support occupations .........
11.66
11.35
445
454
38.2
23,157
23,606
1,987
Food preparation and serving related
occupations ....................................
9.00
9.00
348
350
38.7
18,110
18,200
2,013
Building and grounds cleaning and
maintenance occupations .............
Building cleaning workers ...................
Janitors and cleaners, except
maids and housekeeping
cleaners ....................................
12.98
11.06
11.81
10.95
525
442
438
438
40.4
40.0
26,045
22,998
22,360
22,776
2,007
2,080
11.27
11.81
451
472
40.0
23,447
24,554
2,080
Sales and related occupations ............
Retail sales workers ...........................
Retail salespersons ........................
19.03
15.09
17.96
14.68
10.66
13.75
748
584
728
587
405
550
39.3
38.7
40.5
38,917
30,351
37,858
30,532
21,068
28,600
2,045
2,011
2,108
14.90
15.86
13.89
15.50
592
633
538
620
39.7
39.9
30,645
32,911
27,706
32,240
2,057
2,076
16.34
15.63
15.39
16.65
14.34
12.30
651
622
636
624
573
492
39.8
39.8
41.4
33,848
32,359
33,097
32,468
29,771
25,584
2,072
2,070
2,150
12.47
11.12
499
445
40.0
25,930
23,130
2,080
16.21
15.73
624
629
38.5
32,470
32,718
2,003
17.77
17.07
710
683
39.9
36,903
35,499
2,077
15.44
12.67
13.90
12.00
583
482
556
480
37.7
38.1
30,302
25,089
28,912
24,960
1,962
1,981
16.45
14.23
650
563
39.5
33,781
29,286
2,054
Office and administrative support
occupations ....................................
Financial clerks ...................................
Bookkeeping, accounting, and
auditing clerks ...........................
Customer service representatives ......
Order clerks ........................................
Shipping, receiving, and traffic
clerks ............................................
Secretaries and administrative
assistants ......................................
Executive secretaries and
administrative assistants ..........
Secretaries, except legal, medical,
and executive ...........................
Office clerks, general ..........................
Construction and extraction
occupations ....................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair
occupations ....................................
Industrial machinery installation,
repair, and maintenance
workers .........................................
18.85
16.74
767
680
40.7
39,875
35,360
2,115
20.09
19.25
803
770
40.0
41,780
40,040
2,080
Production occupations ......................
15.32
15.25
612
610
39.9
31,821
31,720
2,077
See footnotes at end of table.
28
Table 12. Full-time1 private industry workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean
weekly and annual hours, Reading, PA, January 2006 — Continued
Hourly earnings3
Weekly earnings4
Occupation2
First-line supervisors/managers of
production and operating
workers .........................................
Electrical, electronics, and
electromechanical assemblers .....
Electrical and electronic equipment
assemblers ...............................
Miscellaneous assemblers and
fabricators .....................................
Miscellaneous metalworkers and
plastic workers ..............................
Printers ...............................................
Printing machine operators .............
Cutting workers ...................................
Cutting and slicing machine setters,
operators, and tenders .............
Packaging and filling machine
operators and tenders ..................
Miscellaneous production workers .....
Paper goods machine setters,
operators, and tenders .............
Helpers--production workers ..........
Transportation and material moving
occupations ....................................
Driver/sales workers and truck
drivers ...........................................
Truck drivers, heavy and
tractor-trailer .............................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ..
Laborers and material movers, hand ..
Laborers and freight, stock, and
material movers, hand ..............
Annual earnings5
Mean
Median
Mean
Median
Mean
weekly
hours
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
$22.72
$23.42
$956
$1,054
42.1
$49,735
$54,798
2,189
14.49
14.85
580
594
40.0
30,135
30,888
2,080
14.49
14.85
580
594
40.0
30,135
30,888
2,080
13.24
13.40
530
536
40.0
27,545
27,872
2,080
17.76
17.74
17.86
13.14
18.61
17.00
18.65
12.75
711
710
714
526
744
680
746
510
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
36,948
36,900
37,151
27,336
38,705
35,360
38,792
26,520
2,080
2,080
2,080
2,080
13.14
12.75
526
510
40.0
27,336
26,520
2,080
14.51
13.05
15.25
13.85
580
522
610
554
40.0
40.0
30,177
27,144
31,720
28,808
2,080
2,080
15.54
13.35
16.57
13.85
622
534
663
554
40.0
40.0
32,326
27,759
34,466
28,808
2,080
2,080
13.77
14.15
601
600
43.6
31,226
31,200
2,268
14.88
14.61
671
725
45.1
34,907
37,700
2,346
15.84
13.89
13.53
15.00
14.14
13.95
741
555
547
729
566
558
46.8
40.0
40.4
38,528
28,886
28,435
37,908
29,411
29,016
2,433
2,080
2,101
15.35
15.90
614
636
40.0
31,926
33,072
2,080
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm,
where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and
hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays,
nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay
of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See
appendix A for more information.
4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries
paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of
the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly
hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of
overtime.
5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries
paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of
the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual
hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of
overtime.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for
categories not shown separately
29
Table 13. Full-time1 State and local government workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings
and mean weekly and annual hours, Reading, PA, January 2006
Hourly earnings3
Weekly earnings4
Occupation2
Annual earnings5
Mean
weekly
hours
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
$784
38.2
$44,636
$40,664
1,748
1,548
1,622
1,258
1,653
42.8
38.6
80,510
84,344
65,400
85,952
2,226
2,008
36.63
1,397
1,352
36.9
52,671
50,451
1,392
37.85
35.13
1,414
1,317
37.3
52,890
49,268
1,397
37.79
35.55
1,413
1,333
37.4
52,883
50,120
1,399
38.63
37.87
36.31
35.13
1,445
1,414
1,358
1,317
37.4
37.3
54,094
52,841
50,499
49,268
1,400
1,395
37.65
12.71
35.13
11.67
1,412
379
1,317
295
37.5
29.8
52,759
13,935
49,268
11,024
1,401
1,096
Healthcare support occupations .........
12.91
12.01
501
479
38.8
25,856
24,219
2,003
Protective service occupations ...........
Police officers .....................................
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers ...
21.92
26.75
26.75
19.33
27.26
27.26
870
1,090
1,090
812
1,116
1,116
39.7
40.8
40.8
45,234
56,701
56,701
42,206
58,029
58,029
2,064
2,120
2,120
Food preparation and serving related
occupations ....................................
13.11
13.20
475
481
36.3
22,145
22,601
1,689
Mean
Median
Mean
Median
All workers ................................................
$25.54
$20.70
$976
Management occupations ...................
Education administrators ....................
36.17
42.00
30.53
44.57
37.83
Education, training, and library
occupations ....................................
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers ............
Elementary and middle school
teachers ....................................
Elementary school teachers,
except special education ......
Secondary school teachers ............
Secondary school teachers,
except special and vocational
education ..............................
Teacher assistants .............................
Building and grounds cleaning and
maintenance occupations .............
Building cleaning workers ...................
Janitors and cleaners, except
maids and housekeeping
cleaners ....................................
13.83
12.97
13.26
12.92
542
507
517
486
39.2
39.1
28,163
26,341
26,894
25,292
2,036
2,031
12.97
12.92
507
486
39.1
26,341
25,292
2,031
Office and administrative support
occupations ....................................
15.10
15.14
565
546
37.4
28,207
28,392
1,868
Construction and extraction
occupations ....................................
17.80
15.96
699
638
39.3
36,362
33,201
2,043
Installation, maintenance, and repair
occupations ....................................
16.41
15.45
621
614
37.9
32,312
31,907
1,969
Transportation and material moving
occupations ....................................
19.46
19.55
763
757
39.2
39,666
39,355
2,038
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm,
where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and
hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays,
nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay
of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See
appendix A for more information.
4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries
paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of
the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly
hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of
overtime.
5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries
paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of
the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual
hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of
overtime.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for
categories not shown separately
30
Table 14. Size of establishment: Mean hourly earnings1 of private industry establishments
for major occupational groups, Reading, PA, January 2006
Occupational group2
Total
1-99
workers
100-499
workers
500
workers
or more
All workers ....................................................................
$17.42
$16.78
$17.49
$19.08
Management, professional, and related .....................
Management, business, and financial ....................
Professional and related .........................................
Service ........................................................................
Sales and office ..........................................................
Sales and related ....................................................
Office and administrative support ...........................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ....
Construction and extraction ...................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ......................
Production, transportation, and material moving ........
Production ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving .......................
29.88
35.36
25.40
10.14
14.72
14.99
14.60
17.73
16.48
18.85
14.30
14.99
13.66
31.69
38.67
26.47
9.50
14.76
14.64
14.85
17.46
16.68
18.51
12.74
12.52
12.85
27.56
30.58
23.28
11.53
13.38
9.13
14.67
16.60
–
18.17
14.65
15.44
12.71
29.65
40.84
25.50
–
17.32
–
13.89
–
–
–
16.31
16.95
15.64
Relative error3 (percent)
All workers ....................................................................
4.1
6.5
6.9
4.9
Management, professional, and related .....................
Management, business, and financial ....................
Professional and related .........................................
Service ........................................................................
Sales and office ..........................................................
Sales and related ....................................................
Office and administrative support ...........................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ....
Construction and extraction ...................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ......................
Production, transportation, and material moving ........
Production ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving .......................
5.5
7.6
9.7
6.6
4.2
13.4
3.2
9.1
4.1
12.6
3.1
2.4
5.7
9.9
12.4
17.3
9.7
6.1
13.8
6.6
11.2
4.4
17.7
8.0
13.7
10.0
10.7
9.7
12.6
10.8
7.3
7.0
3.8
6.3
–
1.7
6.5
3.8
11.1
4.5
8.5
4.1
–
14.2
–
4.7
–
–
–
5.3
8.0
2.9
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries
paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living
adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for
overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers
and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.
See appendix A for more information.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000
Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See
appendix B for more information.
3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error
expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to
calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate.
For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that
data did not meet publication criteria.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation
Survey.
31
Table 15. Establishments with fewer than 100 workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean
weekly and annual hours for full-time1 private industry workers, Reading, PA, January 2006
Hourly earnings3
Weekly earnings4
Occupation2
Annual earnings5
Mean
weekly
hours
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
$620
40.9
$38,688
$31,200
2,110
2,273
1,274
42.8
118,206
66,254
2,224
28.18
1,278
1,120
40.9
66,438
58,240
2,125
8.95
9.00
346
350
38.6
17,976
18,200
2,008
Sales and related occupations ................................
Retail sales workers ...............................................
Retail salespersons ............................................
18.21
16.61
21.86
14.68
12.50
20.05
712
636
891
587
420
587
39.1
38.3
40.8
37,021
33,054
46,340
30,532
21,840
30,532
2,033
1,990
2,120
Office and administrative support occupations ....
Secretaries and administrative assistants ..............
15.58
15.87
13.25
15.73
614
597
510
629
39.4
37.6
31,595
31,056
26,520
32,718
2,029
1,957
Construction and extraction occupations .............
16.65
15.00
657
600
39.5
34,165
31,200
2,052
Installation, maintenance, and repair
occupations ........................................................
18.51
16.00
757
656
40.9
39,377
34,106
2,128
Production occupations ..........................................
Miscellaneous production workers .........................
13.12
11.60
12.20
9.36
520
464
484
374
39.6
40.0
27,017
24,127
25,168
19,469
2,059
2,080
Transportation and material moving
occupations ........................................................
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers ...................
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer ...............
13.02
14.44
15.48
13.66
14.50
14.65
611
665
750
588
722
728
46.9
46.0
48.4
31,769
34,583
38,974
30,573
37,518
37,856
2,439
2,395
2,518
Mean
Median
Mean
Median
All workers ....................................................................
$18.34
$14.67
$750
Management occupations .......................................
53.14
30.31
Business and financial operations occupations ...
31.27
Food preparation and serving related
occupations ........................................................
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule
based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a
35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one
establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is
the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational
Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are
premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The
mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of
workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to
employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are
paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an
employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime.
5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to
employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are
paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an
employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not
shown separately
32
Table 16. Establishments with 100 workers or more: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean
weekly and annual hours for full-time1 private industry workers, Reading, PA, January 2006
Hourly earnings3
Weekly earnings4
Occupation2
Annual earnings5
Mean
weekly
hours
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
$641
39.9
$38,463
$33,280
2,063
1,691
1,544
40.0
87,913
80,282
2,078
23.79
995
928
39.6
51,751
48,256
2,058
28.61
32.65
28.56
32.96
1,141
1,298
1,107
1,318
39.9
39.7
59,307
67,480
57,542
68,559
2,073
2,067
Architecture and engineering occupations ...........
Engineers ...............................................................
31.00
34.83
30.82
34.48
1,240
1,393
1,233
1,379
40.0
40.0
64,476
72,447
64,095
71,720
2,080
2,080
Education, training, and library occupations ........
24.37
11.50
975
460
40.0
42,873
35,018
1,759
Healthcare practitioner and technical
occupations ........................................................
21.93
20.37
877
815
40.0
45,624
42,370
2,080
Healthcare support occupations .............................
11.53
11.49
451
443
39.1
23,463
23,010
2,036
Mean
Median
Mean
Median
All workers ....................................................................
$18.64
$16.02
$744
Management occupations .......................................
42.32
38.60
Business and financial operations occupations ...
25.15
Computer and mathematical science
occupations ........................................................
Computer systems analysts ...................................
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ........................................................
Building cleaning workers .......................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners .................................
10.67
10.67
9.77
9.77
426
427
391
391
39.9
40.0
22,147
22,197
20,324
20,324
2,076
2,080
10.91
9.77
436
391
40.0
22,696
20,324
2,080
Sales and related occupations ................................
Retail sales workers ...............................................
21.33
10.18
11.25
8.69
853
407
450
348
40.0
40.0
44,360
21,182
23,400
18,077
2,080
2,080
Office and administrative support occupations ....
Financial clerks .......................................................
Customer service representatives ..........................
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks .....................
Secretaries and administrative assistants ..............
Executive secretaries and administrative
assistants ......................................................
14.40
14.65
15.70
11.94
16.75
13.90
14.40
15.10
11.12
14.67
576
584
624
478
669
553
572
600
445
587
40.0
39.9
39.8
40.0
39.9
29,928
30,370
32,465
24,832
34,783
28,746
29,744
31,200
23,130
30,509
2,078
2,072
2,067
2,080
2,077
19.29
20.48
769
819
39.9
39,980
42,598
2,072
19.87
18.40
795
736
40.0
41,328
38,272
2,080
19.41
18.40
776
736
40.0
40,363
38,272
2,080
16.25
12.73
15.50
12.68
652
509
620
507
40.1
40.0
33,883
26,484
32,240
26,374
2,085
2,080
14.51
14.20
14.29
15.25
14.87
14.71
580
568
572
610
595
588
40.0
40.0
40.0
30,177
29,535
29,730
31,720
30,930
30,597
2,080
2,080
2,080
14.73
14.09
14.09
15.22
14.50
14.25
589
564
564
609
580
570
40.0
40.0
40.0
30,634
29,306
29,315
31,658
30,160
29,640
2,080
2,080
2,080
15.57
15.90
623
636
40.0
32,382
33,072
2,080
Installation, maintenance, and repair
occupations ........................................................
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and
maintenance workers .......................................
Production occupations ..........................................
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators .............
Packaging and filling machine operators and
tenders ..............................................................
Miscellaneous production workers .........................
Helpers--production workers ..............................
Transportation and material moving
occupations ........................................................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ......................
Laborers and material movers, hand ......................
Laborers and freight, stock, and material
movers, hand ................................................
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule
based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a
35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one
establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is
the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational
Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are
premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The
mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of
workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to
employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are
paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an
employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime.
5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to
employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are
paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an
employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not
shown separately
33
Table 17. Union1 and nonunion workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for major occupational groups, Reading, PA,
January 2006
Union
Nonunion
Civilian
workers
Private
industry
workers
State and
local
government
workers
Civilian
workers
Private
industry
workers
State and
local
government
workers
All workers ....................................................................
$21.43
$15.87
$25.68
$17.66
$17.54
$21.56
Management, professional, and related .....................
Management, business, and financial ....................
Professional and related .........................................
Service ........................................................................
Sales and office ..........................................................
Sales and related ....................................................
Office and administrative support ...........................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ....
Construction and extraction ...................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ......................
Production, transportation, and material moving ........
Production ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving .......................
32.21
–
32.26
15.96
15.60
–
15.65
18.53
–
18.09
15.70
14.87
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
21.61
–
–
15.63
14.84
–
34.34
–
34.50
16.24
15.55
–
15.61
16.47
19.10
16.41
16.95
–
17.14
30.32
35.54
25.64
10.33
14.70
14.99
14.57
17.50
–
18.75
14.01
15.05
13.19
30.34
35.36
26.00
10.11
14.71
14.99
14.58
17.53
16.06
18.75
13.97
15.05
13.10
30.13
37.74
17.99
14.09
14.22
–
14.22
–
–
–
–
–
–
Occupational group3
Relative error4 (percent)
All workers ....................................................................
2.7
4.0
0.6
4.3
4.4
13.2
Management, professional, and related .....................
Management, business, and financial ....................
Professional and related .........................................
Service ........................................................................
Sales and office ..........................................................
Sales and related ....................................................
Office and administrative support ...........................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ....
Construction and extraction ...................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ......................
Production, transportation, and material moving ........
Production ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving .......................
6.4
–
6.7
2.1
1.5
–
1.5
7.4
–
9.0
3.9
5.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.0
–
–
4.1
5.9
–
5.4
–
5.7
1.6
1.7
–
1.7
3.2
6.7
2.1
4.1
–
3.3
4.9
7.1
9.3
6.3
4.2
13.4
3.2
8.9
–
13.3
3.7
1.8
6.7
5.2
7.6
9.5
6.7
4.3
13.4
3.3
9.0
6.1
13.3
3.7
1.8
6.7
10.5
15.4
3.8
9.5
4.2
–
4.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
1 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through
collective bargaining.
2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and
hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays,
nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay
of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See
appendix A for more information.
3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"
around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix
A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
34
Table 18. Time and incentive workers1: Mean hourly earnings2 for major occupational
groups, Reading, PA, January 2006
Time
Occupational group3
Incentive
Civilian
workers
Private
industry
workers
Civilian
workers
Private
industry
workers
All workers ....................................................................
$17.82
$16.87
$22.60
$22.60
Management, professional, and related .....................
Management, business, and financial ....................
Professional and related .........................................
Service ........................................................................
Sales and office ..........................................................
Sales and related ....................................................
Office and administrative support ...........................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ....
Construction and extraction ...................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ......................
Production, transportation, and material moving ........
Production ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving .......................
29.80
33.16
27.82
11.20
13.38
10.09
14.47
16.66
–
17.09
14.58
15.17
13.82
28.65
32.80
25.47
10.15
13.27
10.09
14.42
16.69
16.48
17.14
14.51
15.17
13.62
–
–
–
–
26.35
28.53
–
–
–
–
13.40
–
–
–
–
–
–
26.35
28.53
–
–
–
–
13.40
–
–
Relative error4 (percent)
All workers ....................................................................
3.3
3.9
18.3
18.3
Management, professional, and related .....................
Management, business, and financial ....................
Professional and related .........................................
Service ........................................................................
Sales and office ..........................................................
Sales and related ....................................................
Office and administrative support ...........................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ....
Construction and extraction ...................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ......................
Production, transportation, and material moving ........
Production ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving .......................
4.5
6.8
6.2
5.4
3.2
7.3
3.0
4.5
–
6.6
2.1
1.8
3.7
5.8
7.4
9.8
6.6
3.5
7.3
3.3
5.0
4.1
7.2
2.1
1.9
3.5
–
–
–
–
14.3
18.7
–
–
–
–
12.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.3
18.7
–
–
–
–
12.9
–
–
1 Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate
or salary. Incentive workers are those whose wages are at
least partially based on productivity payments such as piece
rates, commissions, and production bonuses.
2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries
paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living
adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for
overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers
and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.
See appendix A for more information.
3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000
Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See
appendix B for more information.
4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error
expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to
calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate.
For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that
data did not meet publication criteria.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation
Survey.
35
Table 19. Industry sector1: Mean hourly earnings2 for private industry workers by major occupational group, Reading, PA,
January 2006
Goods producing
Occupational group3
All workers ................................................
Management, professional, and
related ...............................................
Management, business, and
financial ........................................
Professional and related .....................
Service ....................................................
Sales and office ......................................
Sales and related ................................
Office and administrative support .......
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance .....................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ..
Production, transportation, and material
moving ..............................................
Production ..........................................
Transportation and material moving ...
Service providing
Construction
Manufacturing
Trade,
transportation,
and utilities
Information
Financial
activities
Professional and
business
services
Education
and
health
services
Leisure
and
hospitality
Other
services
–
$18.54
$16.85
–
–
$20.52
–
$7.97
$12.71
–
34.73
42.40
–
–
32.11
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
43.02
25.77
–
16.51
–
16.35
46.34
–
13.34
13.92
14.08
13.72
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.75
–
15.68
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.44
9.76
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
19.70
19.83
14.29
14.16
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.05
15.48
14.00
14.71
–
15.00
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.35
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Relative error4 (percent)
All workers ................................................
Management, professional, and
related ...............................................
Management, business, and
financial ........................................
Professional and related .....................
Service ....................................................
Sales and office ......................................
Sales and related ................................
Office and administrative support .......
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance .....................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ..
Production, transportation, and material
moving ..............................................
Production ..........................................
Transportation and material moving ...
–
6.3
7.0
–
–
10.9
–
12.5
17.6
–
2.8
8.3
–
–
9.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.6
4.1
–
1.5
–
.7
18.9
–
15.9
7.8
13.6
7.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
6.0
–
6.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.5
17.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1.2
1.5
8.6
8.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
.0
2.1
4.4
6.5
–
6.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1 Industry sectors are determined by the 2002 North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).
2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are
premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The
mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of
workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational
Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of
the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample
estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication
criteria.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
36
Appendix A: Technical Note
T
ployment sampling at each stage. The first stage of sample
selection was a probability sample of establishments. The
sample of establishments was drawn by first stratifying the
sampling frame by industry and ownership. The number of
sample establishments allocated to each stratum is approximately proportional to the stratum employment. Each
sampled establishment is selected within a stratum with a
probability proportional to its employment. Use of this
technique means that the larger an establishment’s employment, the greater its chance of selection. Weights were
applied to each establishment when the data were tabulated
so that it represents similar units (by industry and employment size) in the economy that were not selected for collection. The second stage of sample selection, detailed below,
was a probability sample of occupations within a sampled
establishment.
his section provides basic information on the procedures and concepts used to produce the data contained
in this bulletin. It is divided into three parts: Planning for
the survey; data collection; and processing and analyzing
the data. Although this section answers some questions
commonly asked by data users, it is not a comprehensive
description of all of the steps required to produce the data.
Planning for the survey
The overall design of the National Compensation Survey
(NCS) includes questions of scope, frame, and sample selection.
Survey scope
This survey covered establishments employing one worker
or more in private goods-producing industries (mining,
construction, and manufacturing); private service-providing
industries (trade, transportation, and utilities, information,
financial activities, professional and business services, education and health services, leisure and hospitality, and other
services); and State and local governments employing 50 or
more workers. Agriculture, private households, and the
Federal Government were excluded from the scope of the
survey. For purposes of this survey, an establishment is an
economic unit that produces goods or services, a central
administrative office, or an auxiliary unit providing support
services to a company. For private industries in this survey, the establishment is usually at a single physical location. For State and local governments, an establishment is
defined as all locations of a government entity within the
sampled area.
The Reading, PA, Metropolitan Statistical Area consists
of Berks County.
Data collection
The collection of data from survey respondents required
detailed procedures. Field economists collected the data,
working out of the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) Regional Offices and visiting each establishment surveyed.
Other contact methods, such as mail and telephone, were
used to clarify and update data.
Occupational selection and classification
Identification of the occupations for which wage data were
to be collected was a multistep process:
1. Probability-proportional-to-size selection of establishment jobs
2. Classification of jobs into occupations based on the
2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)
system
3. Characterization of jobs as full-time versus parttime, union versus nonunion, and time versus incentive
4. Determination of the level of work of each job
Sampling frame
The list of establishments from which the survey sample
was selected (sampling frame) was developed from State
unemployment insurance reports. Due to the volatility of
industries within the private sector, sampling frames were
developed using the most recent month of reference available at the time the sample was selected. Approximately
one-fifth of the sample is reselected each year.
For each occupation, wage data were collected for those
workers whose jobs could be characterized by the criteria
identified in the last three steps. If a specific work level
could not be determined, wages were still collected.
In step one, the jobs to be sampled were selected at each
establishment by the BLS field economist during a personal
visit. A complete list of employees was used for sampling,
Sample design
The sample for this survey area was selected using a twostage stratified design with probability proportional to em-
A-1
with each selected worker representing a job within the establishment.
As with the selection of establishments, the selection of
a job was based on probability proportional to its size in
the establishment. The greater the number of people working in a job in the establishment, the greater its chance of
selection.
The number of jobs for which data were collected in
each establishment was based on the establishment’s employment size. The number of jobs selected followed this
schedule:
Number
of employees
Number
of selected jobs
1–49
50–249
250 or more
Up to 4
6
8
The second step of the process entailed classifying the
selected jobs into occupations based on their duties. NCS
now uses the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification
(SOC) system. A selected job may fall into any one of
about 800 occupational classifications, from accountant to
zoologist. For cases in which a job’s duties overlapped two
or more SOC classification codes, the duties used to set the
wage level were used to classify the job. Classification by
primary duties was the fallback.
Each occupational classification is an element of a
broader classification known as a major group. Occupations can fall into any of 22 major groups. Appendix B
contains a complete list of all individual occupations, classified by the major group to which they belong.
In step three, certain other job characteristics of the
chosen worker were identified. First, the worker was identified as holding either a full-time or part-time job, based
on the establishment’s definition of those terms. Then, the
worker was classified as having a time versus incentive job,
depending on whether any part of pay was directly based
on the actual production of the worker, rather than solely
on hours worked. Finally, the worker was identified as being in a union job or a nonunion job. See the “Definition of
terms” section on the following page for more detail.
Occupational leveling
In the last step before wage data were collected, the work
level of each selected job was determined using a “point
factor leveling” process. Point factor leveling matches certain aspects of a job to specific levels of work with assigned point values. Points for each factor are then totaled
to determine the overall work level for the job.
The NCS program is in the process of converting from a
nine-factor to a four-factor occupational leveling system.
The conversion is being phased in via annual NCS sample
replenishment groups and will require several years for full
implementation. The four occupational leveling factors
are:
A-2
•
•
•
•
Knowledge
Job controls and complexity
Contacts (nature and purpose)
Physical environment
Each factor consists of several levels, and each level has
an associated description and assigned points. A knowledge guide for 24 families of closely related occupations
contains short definitions of the point levels of knowledge
expected for the occupations and presents relevant examples. The other three factors use identical descriptions for
all occupational categories and contain a definition of each
point level within each factor.
The description within each factor best matching the job
is chosen. The point levels within each factor are designed
to describe the thresholds of distinct levels of work. When
a job does not meet the full description of a point level, the
next lowest point level is used. Points for the four factors
are totaled to determine the overall work level. NCS publishes data for up to 15 work levels.
Most supervisory occupations are evaluated based on
their duties and responsibilities. A modified approach is
used for professional and administrative supervisors when
they direct professional work and are paid primarily to supervise. Such supervisory occupations are leveled based
on the work level of the highest position reporting to them.
For a complete description of point factor leveling, refer
to the publication “National Compensation Survey: Guide
for Evaluating Your Firm’s Jobs and Pay,” available at the
BLS National Compensation Survey Internet site at
http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ocs/sp/ncbr0004.pdf.
Combined work levels
This bulletin includes a table which simplifies the presentation of work levels by combining them into four broad
groups. The groups were determined by combinations of
knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, physical
environment, and supervisory duties, and are meant to be
comparable across different occupations. The broad
groups and the combined work levels are:
Group
designation
Levels
combined
Group I
Group II
Group III
Group IV
Levels 1–4
Levels 5–8
Levels 9–12
Levels 13–15
Collection period
Survey data were collected over a 13-month period for 60
metropolitan areas in the NCS program. For 20 small metropolitan areas, data were collected over a 4-month period.
For each establishment in the survey, the data reflect the establishment’s most recent information at the time of collection. The payroll reference month shown in the tables re-
flects the average date of this information for all sample
units.
Earnings
Earnings were defined as regular payments from the employer to the employee as compensation for straight-time
hourly work, or for any salaried work performed. The following components were included as part of earnings:
•
•
•
•
•
Incentive pay, including commissions, production
bonuses, and piece rates
Cost-of-living allowances
Hazard pay
Payments of income deferred due to participation
in a salary reduction plan
Deadhead pay, defined as pay given to transportation workers returning in a vehicle without freight
or passengers
The following forms of payments were not considered
part of straight-time earnings:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Shift differentials, defined as extra payment for
working a schedule that varies from the norm, such
as night or weekend work
Premium pay for overtime, holidays, and weekends
Bonuses not directly tied to production (such as
Christmas and profit-sharing bonuses)
Uniform and tool allowances
Free or subsidized room and board
Payments made by third parties (for example, tips,
bonuses given by manufacturers to department
store salespeople, referral incentives in real estate)
On-call pay
To calculate earnings for various periods (hourly,
weekly, and annual), data on work schedules also were collected. For hourly workers, scheduled hours worked per
day and per week, exclusive of overtime, were recorded.
Annual weeks worked were determined. Because salaried
workers who are exempt from overtime provisions often
work beyond the assigned work schedule, their typical
number of hours actually worked was collected.
Definition of terms
Full-time worker. Any employee whom the employer considers to be full time.
Part-time worker. Any employee whom the employer considers to be part time.
Time-based worker. Any employee whose earnings are
solely tied to an hourly rate or salary.
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Incentive worker. Any employee whose earnings are tied,
at least in part, to commissions, piece rates, production bonuses, or other incentives based on production or sales.
Nonunion worker. An employee in an occupation not
meeting the conditions for union coverage.
Union worker. Any employee is in a union occupation
when all of the following conditions are met:
•
•
•
A labor organization is recognized as the bargaining agent for all workers in the occupation
Wage and salary rates are determined through collective bargaining or negotiations
Settlement terms, which must include earnings provisions and may include benefit provisions, are embodied in a signed, mutually binding collective bargaining agreement
Level. A ranking within an occupation based on the requirements of the position.
Processing and analyzing the data
Data were processed and analyzed at the BLS National Office following collection.
Weighting and nonresponse
Sample weights were calculated for each establishment and
occupation in the survey. These weights reflected the relative size of the occupation within the establishment and of
the establishment within the sample universe. Weights
were used to aggregate data for the individual establishments or occupations into the various data series. Some of
the establishments surveyed could not supply or refused to
supply information. If data were not provided by a sample
member during the initial interview, the weights of responding sample members in the same or similar “cells”
were adjusted to account for the missing data. This technique assumes that the mean value of data for the nonrespondents equals the mean value of data for the respondents at some detailed “cell” level. Responding and
nonresponding establishments were classified into these
cells according to industry and employment size. Responding and nonresponding occupations within responding establishments were classified into cells that were additionally defined by major occupation group.
If average hourly earnings data were not provided by a
sample member during the update interview, then missing
average hourly earnings were imputed by multiplying prior
average hourly earning by the rate of change in the average
hourly earnings of respondents. The regression model that
takes into account available establishment characteristics is
used to derive the rate of change in the average hourly
earnings.
Establishments that were determined to be out of business or outside the scope of the survey had their weights
changed to zero. If only partial data were given by a sample establishment or occupation, or data were missing, the
response was treated as a refusal.
Estimation
The wage series in the tables are computed by combining
the wages for each sampled occupation. Before being
combined, individual wage rates are weighted by the number of workers; the sample weight, adjusted for nonresponding establishments and other factors; and the occupation’s scheduled hours of work. The sample weight reflects
the inverse of each unit’s probability of selection at each
sample selection stage and four weight adjustment factors.
The first factor adjusts for establishment nonresponse and
the second factor adjusts for occupational nonresponse.
The third factor adjusts for any special situations that may
have occurred during data collection. The fourth factor,
postratification, also called benchmarking, is introduced to
adjust estimated employment totals to the current counts of
employment by industry. The latest available employment
counts were used to derive average hourly earnings in this
publication.
Not all calculated series met the criteria for publication.
Before any series was published, it was reviewed to make
sure that the number of observations underlying it was sufficient. This review prevented the publication of a series
that could have revealed information about a specific establishment.
Estimates of the number of workers represent the total
in all establishments within the scope of the study, and not
the number actually surveyed. Because occupational structures among establishments differ, estimates of the number
of workers obtained from the sample of establishments
serve to indicate only the relative importance of the occupational groups studied.
Percentiles
The percentiles presented in tables 6 through 10 are computed using earnings reported for individual workers in
sampled establishment jobs and their scheduled hours of
work. Establishments in the survey may report only individual-worker earnings for each sampled job. For the calculation of percentile estimates, the individual-worker
hourly earnings are appropriately weighted and then arrayed from lowest to highest.
The published 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution within
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each published occupation. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the
rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the
rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours
are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the
75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more
than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow
the same logic.
Data reliability
The data in this bulletin are estimates from a scientifically
selected probability sample. There are two types of errors
possible in an estimate based on a sample survey, sampling
and nonsampling.
Sampling errors occur because observations come only
from a sample and not from an entire population. The
sample used for this survey is one of a number of possible
samples of the same size that could have been selected using the sample design. Estimates derived from the different
samples would differ from each other.
A measure of the variation among these differing estimates is called the standard error or sampling error. It indicates the precision with which an estimate from a particular sample approximates the average result of all possible
samples. The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard
error divided by the estimate. RSE data are provided
alongside the earnings data in the bulletin tables.
The standard error can be used to calculate a “confidence interval” around a sample estimate. As an example,
suppose a table shows that mean hourly earnings for all
workers were $17.75, with a relative standard error of 1.0
percent for this estimate. At the 90-percent level, the confidence interval for this estimate is from $16.46 to $18.04
($17.75 minus and plus $0.29, where $0.29 is the product
of 1.645 times 1.0 percent times $17.75). If all possible
samples were selected to estimate the population value, the
interval from each sample would include the true population value approximately 90 percent of the time.
Nonsampling errors also affect survey results. They
can stem from many sources, such as inability to obtain information for some establishments, difficulties with survey
definitions, inability of the respondents to provide correct
information, or mistakes in recording or coding the data obtained. Although they were not specifically measured, the
nonsampling errors were expected to be minimal due to the
extensive training of the field economists who gathered the
survey data by personal visit, computer edits of the data,
and detailed data review.
Appendix table 1. Number of workers1 represented by the survey, Reading, PA,
January 2006
Civilian
workers
Occupational group2
Private
industry
workers
State and
local
government
workers
All workers ....................................................................
162,700
141,800
20,900
Management, professional, and related .....................
Management, business, and financial ....................
Professional and related .........................................
Service ........................................................................
Sales and office ..........................................................
Sales and related ....................................................
Office and administrative support ...........................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ....
Construction and extraction ...................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ......................
Production, transportation, and material moving ........
Production ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving .......................
40,400
13,000
27,400
31,500
41,600
13,900
27,700
13,600
5,100
7,900
35,600
17,900
17,800
28,800
11,700
17,000
26,200
39,500
13,800
25,600
12,400
4,600
7,200
35,000
17,800
17,200
11,600
1,200
10,400
5,300
2,100
–
2,100
1,200
500
600
700
–
600
1 The number of workers represented by the
survey are rounded to the nearest 100. Estimates of
the number of workers provide a description of size
and composition of the labor force included in the
survey. Estimates are not intended, however, for
comparison to other statistical series to measure
employment trends or levels.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the
2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)
system. See appendix B for more information.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or
that data did not meet publication criteria.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National
Compensation Survey.
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Appendix table 2. Survey establishment response, Reading, PA, January 2006
Establishments
Total
Private
industry
State and
local
government
Total in sampling frame1 ................................................
4,140
4,103
38
Total in sample ...............................................................
Responding ............................................................
Refused or unable to provide data .........................
Out of business or not in survey scope ..................
256
160
62
34
221
130
57
34
35
30
5
0
1 The list of establishments from which the
survey sample was selected (sampling frame) was
developed from State unemployment insurance
reports and is based on the 2002 North American
Industry Classification System (NAICS). For private
industries, an establishment is usually a single
physical location. For State and local governments,
an establishment is defined as all locations of a
government entity.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or
that data did not meet publication criteria.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National
Compensation Survey.
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2008

An Analysis of the Alignment of Higher Education and the Kansas