CL001 Spheres with answers.notebook May 27, 2013 Unit #3 Earth and Space Science: Earth's Dynamic Climate Change Overall Expectations: By the end of this course, students will: • analyse effects of human activity on climate change, and effects of climate change on living things and natural systems; • investigate various natural and human factors that have an impact on climate change and global warming; • demonstrate an understanding of various natural and human factors that contribute to climate change and global warming Weather versus Climate: The difference between weather and climate is a measure of ____________. Weather is what conditions of the atmosphere are over a short period of ___________, and climate is how the atmosphere "behaves" over relatively long periods of ___________ . http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/noaan/climate/climate_weather.html A Climatologist is somebody who studies climate. A Meteorologist is somebody who studies weather. Earth's Climate Cycles of weather changes differ from place to place. The longterm pattern of weather in any part of the world is called climate. The climate of a region will determine what plants will grow there, and what animals will inhabit it. Climate zones differ in temperature and precipitation. Tropical climates are usually ___________ and ________ most of the year. Much of Central and South America are in the tropical climate zone. Temperate climates cycle through all four seasons winter, spring, summer, and autumn. Much of the United States is in a temperate climate zone. Polar climates are usually ___________ and _______ most of the year. Antarctica is in a polar climate zone. http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/k4/weather/Woverview4.html http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/climate.htm 1 CL001 Spheres with answers.notebook May 27, 2013 Spheres of the Earth All the parts of the Earth can be divided into distinct spheres with unique characteristics. Each sphere's characteristics play a unique role in the development of our weather and climate. These spheres are separate, but they also work together with each other. This is what makes Earth different from the other planets. Using the word bank below, fill in the correct definition for each of the following spheres of the earth. rock The _____________________ is the ground you are standing on and the whole inside of the earth. It's also known as the Lithosphere "_______________sphere" water The _____________________ includes all of the rivers, lakes and Hydrosphere oceans of the earth. It's also known as the "_______________sphere" icy cold The _____________________ is the frozen part of the earth: the glaciers, icebergs at sea, and the huge icecaps in Greenland and Antarctica. Cryosphere It's also known as the "_______________sphere" living The _____________________ includes all living things: the trees in the park, the birds in the air, the fly on your wall, the viruses that make you sick, your pets, and even all of you and your friends. It's also known as Biosphere the "_______________sphere" Air The _____________________ is the envelope of air that surrounds the whole Earth. It is made up of mostly gas with very little parts of liquid water, frozen water and dust particles. It's also known as the Atmosphere "_______________sphere" 2 CL001 Spheres with answers.notebook May 27, 2013 The layers of the Atmosphere: The atmosphere is divided into 4 regions based on temperature, density, composition, and altitude. The 4 different layers of the atmosphere are: Troposphere: This is the lowest atmospheric layer and is about 11 km thick. Most clouds and weather are found in the troposphere is thinner at the poles (averaging about 8 km thick) and thicker at the equator (averaging about 16 km thick). The temperature decreases with altitude. Stratosphere: The stratosphere is found from about 11 48 kilometres above the Earth's surface. In this region of the atmosphere is the ozone layer, which absorbs most of the harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun. The temperature increases slightly with altitude in the stratosphere. The highest temperature in this region is about 0 degrees Celsius. Mesosphere: The mesosphere is above the stratosphere. Here the atmosphere is very rarefied or thin, and the temperature is decreasing with altitude. It's about 90 degrees celsius at the top to the mesosphere. Thermosphere: The thermosphere starts at about 95 kilometres. The temperature is quite hot; here the temperature is not measured using a thermometer, but by looking at the motion and speed of the rarefied gases in this region. These gases are very energetic but they would not affect a thermometer. Temperatures in this region may be as high as thousands of degrees. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q4Z7M4bPfHk http://youtu.be/1YAOT92wuD8 3 CL001 Spheres with answers.notebook May 27, 2013 Layers of the Atmosphere Activity Name____________________ 1. Labels each layer of the atmosphere on the diagram; Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere. 2. Label the coldest atmospheric layer with the word COLDEST. 3. Label the hottest atmospheric layer with the word HOTTEST. 4. Put an X where you live on the diagram. 5. Draw (label) the following items at their proper altitude on the diagram. Satellite 400 km shooting star 80km commercial airliner 12 km ozone 20 km hot air balloons 0.9 km space station 400 km Whistler Blackcomb Mountain 1.6 km The Northern Lights 110 200 km hikers 2.5 km max (rocky mountains) most weather clouds occur below 6 km 1 690 000 ft 500 km 4 Attachments teachinglayersofatmosphere.webloc
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