SG5 awc

Study Guide #5
19th Century Culture and Politics
Study Guide
Frye AWC2 – FEB/MAR 2017 – 40-50 questions - no essay
See Chapters 11-13 (and a wee bit of 10) in The Quest
Romanticism – worldview question/answers
8 main principles
Immanuel Kant
Gothic Revival
William Wordsworth
Romantic ART themes: nature, exotic and mysterious, medieval, politics (revolution)
George F.W. Hegel
dialectic
alienation
statism
Rebels 1815-1848
Nationalism
Klemens von Metternich and the reactionaries (those against revolutions)
French Revolution of 1830 & Louis Philippe (the “Citizen-King”)
Egyptian, Greek, and Belgian independence [by 1830]
Decembrists
Revolution of 1848 in Austria
Metternich flees as students an various ethnic nationalists revolt…
…but a new emperor crushes all rebels
Revolution of 1848 in Germany
Nationalists meet in Frankfurt…
…but Prussian king rejects unification; Congress fails
(Emigrants flee to USA)
Revolution of 1848 in France
Louis Blanc [socialist] take over of Paris [FEB] until the "Bloody Days" [JUNE]
Louis Napoleon Bonaparte becomes president of a new, bourgeois republic
(Poor can’t vote)
Latin American Independence (1810-24)
Racial tensions: light skinned “creoles” rule mestizos, natives, and blacks
Mexican independence
caudillos
Jose de San Martin
Simon Bolivar
Touissaint L’Overture [Haiti]
19th Century Industrial Society
Adam Smith & Wealth of Nations
division of labor
Main ideas of Capitalism
What is capital?
Law of Supply & Demand
Law of Competition [and efficiency]
Self Interest, the Invisible Hand
Entrepreneur
laissez faire
David Ricardo [“Iron Law of Wages”]
ENGLAND & REFORM
Queen Victoria
Evangelicals & the Second Great Awakening (and reform)
“Clapham Sect”
Sir Robert Peel
William Wilberforce
The abolition of slavery [how/why?]
“Classical” Liberals
Jeremy Bentham & Utilitarianism
John Stuart Mill “On Liberty”
Reform Bill of 1832
cholera and Sir Edwin Chadwick
Factory Acts
Irish potato famine, 1840s
Marx
pre-Marxist socialism [utopian socialists]
Karl Marx /Marxism [communism]
The Communist Manifesto
Das Kapital
alienation of worker
inevitability of revolution
bourgeoisie
proletariat
Labor theory of value
Anarchists [Bakunin, Kroptkin]
The Second Industrial Era
[1850-1945]
how was it technologically different?
how did living conditions and class roles change?
Christian social justice activists
William and Catherine Booth, YMCA, rescue missions
Dorthea Dix & Elizabeth Fry
…for these people what was/were their major invention or discovery ?
Alexander Bell
Guillermo Marconi
Gottlieb Daimler
Count von Zeppelin & the Wright Brothers
Joseph Lister
Louis Pasteur & Robert Koch
[as a group] Michael Faraday, Nikola Tesla, Thomas Edison
Louis Daguerre
Marie Curie
BUILDING MATERIAL
ENERGY
DOMINANT NATION(s)
MACHINES
TRAVEL
CITIES
FIRST INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Iron
Coal, Steam
England
In factories
Trains & Canals
Few technological benefits
COMMUNICATION
ORGANIZATION
Telegraph
Single owner factories
2nd INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION [after 1850]
Steel
Oil & Gas, Electricity
USA, Germany, France, Britain, Japan
On farms and in homes
Planes & Automobiles
Technological infrastructure [subways, wiring,
sewage]
Telephone & Radio
Global Corporations
[“trusts” or “cartels”]
Charles Darwin and other 19th century ideas
Voyage of the Beagle, effect of Malthus, Charles Lyell, Alfred Wallace
Origin of Species
Descent of Man
TH Huxley - scientific humanism / evolutionary ethics
Social Darwinism
Herbert Spencer
Sir Francis Galton & eugenics
“Race science” Houston Stewart Chamberlain. A Gobineau, Ernst Haeckel
Theistic evolution
How did Darwin lead to an increase in secularism and anti-clericalism?
Philosophical materialism
THREE
WESTERN
WORLDVIEWS
Judeo-Christian
Theism
Key
Bible, Augustine,
Books/Thinke Aquinas, many
rs…19th
others…
Modernism
Romanticism…Nietzsche
Descartes, (various)
Enlightenment….Darwin,
Rousseau… Hegel, Kant,
Century
Thinkers
Kierkegaard,
Chesterton
What is
prime
reality?
God matters
Matter matters
(philosophical
materialism)
Human
nature?
Truth
Body & soul; good &
evil
Absolute - Reason;
intuition;
revelation
Align with moral
order [authored by
God]
Merely matter
Ethics
Nietzsche
Spencer, Freud, B. Russell,
Comte, Mill, W. James,
Bentham
What I will or
experience to be true
(“No such thing as
facts”)
Whatever I say it is
Absolute - Reason alone
Relative - What you
will / feel / intuit
What is practical, what
works; might makes right;
greatest material prosperity
for greatest number
No good or evil; Might
makes right
Friedrich Nietzsche
nihilism [“nothing matters”]
truth = will [power]
ubermensch
Ideas from G.K. Chesterton
Materialists and madmen – what does he mean?
Suicide of Thought – what does he mean?
Why “WILL” as the reason for all things, is illogical
Psychology
Wilhelm Wundt
Ivan Pavlov
Sigmund Freud
ego / id / superego
psychoanalysis
neurosis / repression
Carl [Karl] Gustav Jung - collective unconscious
Psychiatry
Political Spectrum by mid to late 19th century
three BRITISH parties by 1900: Labour [left], Whig-Liberal {center-left}, ConservativeTory{right}
Democratic socialists
Social Democrats in Germany, E. Bernstein
Labour party and Christian socialists (UK)
Christian centrists
Pope Leo XIII calls for ‘compassionate capitalism’
POLITICAL SPECTRUM
Generally CAPITALIST
Far left
Radical
Left
Anarchists
Communists
Marxists
Democratic
Socialists
Bakunin
Kropotkin
Marx
Engels
Bernstein
German SPD
Right
(New)
Liberals
British Labour party
Secular and
anticlerical
Secular and
anticlerical
Secular and
anticlerical
(except for
Christian
Socialists)
Secular
The woman question
E. Pankhurst and suffragettes
Far right
Reactionaries
Classical
Liberals
Christian
Centrists
Conservatives
Monarchists
Racists
Bentham
Mill
Spencer
Whigs/Liberals
Secular
and Social
Darwinist
Gladstone
Pope Leo
XIII
Disraeli
Tories
Racial Social
Darwinists
Religious
Some
Religious;
some Secular
and Social
Darwinist
Some Religious; some
Secular and Social
Darwinist
SEE CHART ON QUEST PAGE 383!!!

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