PROFIBUS Design and Good Practices Webpage Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training www.profibus.com.sg PROFIBUS Family 3 ERP MES Ethernet backbone Agenda PROFIBUS Family DCS Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training 1 2 3 PROFIBUS PA 4 PROFIBUS DP 5 6 7 8 … 31 3 PROFIBUS PA 4 PA coupler PA link 5 6 Author / Title of the presentation 1 2 7 8 … 31 PROFIBUS Family - Principle 4 Agenda To create hierarchy in the network, PROFIBUS defines 2 types of stations: active (masters) and passive (slaves). PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias Topologies Cable length master 0 1 0 1 0 commands responses slave 0 1 0 1 0 Devices Rules Installation Rules network Troubleshooting Training At least 1 master is mandatory. PROFIBUS networks allow multiple masters. In total 127 stations can be addressed (masters + slaves). Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices Communication Medias 5 PROFIBUS Supports 3 transmission media Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias RS 485 2-wire CU-cable for general purposes Topologies Fiber Optic Highest EMC protection and wide distances Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training Coupler MBP-IS 2-wire CU-cable with the option for power over the bus and Ex-protection Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices Coupler Fiber optic cable Total Overview of the Technology 6 Installation Rules Common Application Profiles (optional): App. Profiles I PROFIsafe, Time Stamp, Redundancy, etc. Training Comm. IEC 61158/61784 Physical Layer RS 485 RS 485-IS NRZ Intrinsic Safety PROFIBUS DP Fiber Optics: Glass Multi Mode Glass Single Mode PCF / Plastic Fiber Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices MBP MBP-LP MBP-IS FDL + DPV0...V2 Manchester Bus Powered Low Power Intrinsic Safety Descriptions (GSD, EDD) Tools (DTM, Configurators) Troubleshooting Integration Technologies Devices Rules Weighing & Dosage Identification Systems V2.0 and V3.0 Cable length PROFIdrive Topologies SEMI App. Profiles II RIO for PA Communication Medias PA Devices PROFIBUS Family Encoder Agenda PROFIBUS DP Topologies - General 7 PROFIBUS communicates over a two wire bus structure. Agenda PROFIBUS Family sending listen, taking over and answering listen Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training 9 0 1 0 1 0 1 117 T T 43 5 listen listen Devices are addressed through a network address (0..126). Devices are coupled in parallel to the bus. Devices can be hot swapped and position does not matter. Each segment is terminated at both end with an active termination Spurs should be avoided as length is very limited Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices PROFIBUS DP Topologies - Repeaters 8 Single Repeaters PROFIBUS Hubs Agenda Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Segment 1 PROFIBUS Family Stations Devices Rules Backbone Installation Rules Training Segment 2 Troubleshooting Stations Segment 1 Segment 2 Benefit: Isolate part of your network from EMC/Noise Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices PROFIBUS DP Topologies – Fiber Optic 9 Classic Topology Ring Topology Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias Fiber optic cable Coupler Coupler Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Coupler Installation Rules Coupler Fiber optic cable Troubleshooting Training Coupler Coupler Benefits: Long distances and EMC/Noise isolation Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices PROFIBUS DP Topologies - Wireless 10 Connect your slaves through wireless couplers Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias Wireless gateway Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Wireless gateway Training Wireless gateway Wireless gateway Segment Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices Wireless DP Device Wireless PN Device PROFIBUS DP Topologies - Redundancy 11 Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias RS 485 Topologies RS 485 Cable length RS 485 coupler coupler Devices Rules Installation Rules RS 485 Troubleshooting RS 485 Training glasvezel coupler coupler glasvezel RS 485 1.0 RS 485 PROFIBUS PA Topologies - Overview 12 Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias + εx DCS/PLC Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules PROFIBUS DP Troubleshooting Junction Box DP/PA-Link Training Segment 24 V PROFIBUS PA Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices “T“ PROFIBUS PA Topologies - Redundancy 13 Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias PROFIBUS DP Coupler Redundancy Coupler-Redundancy DP/PA-coupler, redundant (M = master) M IM 153, redundant AFS Topologies PROFIBUS PA Cable length Bus termination Devices Rules Automatic bus termination Troubleshooting Training PA Ring Redundancy PROFIBUS DP Installation Rules Active Field Splitter Coupler-Redundancy M M DP/PA-coupler, redundant (M = Master) Media redundancy based on a ring topology AFD AFD Active Field Distributor IM 153, redundant PROFIBUS PA AFD Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices AFD Transmission speed (baudrate) 14 Agenda PROFIBUS offers the user the possibility to choose from 10 transmission speeds (RS 485). PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias 9,6 19,2 45,45 93,75 187,5 500 1500 3000 6000 12000 kbps Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training Remarks: The transmission speed determines the maximum cable length and vice versa. The transmission speed has to be set identically at all the masters on the same bus. Most slaves detect the baudrate automatically. Because of economic and technical reasons some products do not support all transmission speeds. Some older products do not support 45,45 kbps. 2.1 PROFIBUS DP – Cable Length 15 Baudrate vs Cable Length Agenda Baudrate (kbit/s) 9.6 19.2 45.45 93.75 187.5 500 1500 3000 6000 12000 Communication Medias Segment length (m) 1200 1200 1200 1200 1000 400 200 100 100 100 Topologies Segment length (feet) 3940 3940 3940 3940 3280 1310 656 328 328 328 PROFIBUS Family Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training 3 baudrate transitions in which the cable length reduces with more than 50 %. These lengths are defined for 1 segment with 32 bus loads! 2.1 Device Rules - Network 16 PROFIBUS Address Map Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias 0 Service-, diagnosis- and programming tool 1..2 Masters (class 1) 3..125 Slaves (total 123 or 124) 126 Address for: “Set Slave Address” 127 Broadcast address Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training Most configuration tools block address 0 and 126 for slaves. Address 126 is a default address for slaves with software address settings. Address 127 is a broadcast address (only visible with a busmonitor). Maximum 124 DP slaves per bus!!!!!!! 2.0 Device Rules - DP Segments 17 Maximum 32 loads per RS485 segments Agenda PROFIBUS Family Max 30 Stations Max 31 Stations Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training Segment 1 Segment 2 Devices that generate new segments: Repeaters Fiber Optic Couplers Wireless gateways After these devices, PROFIBUS segment rules are the same. Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices Installation rules 18 Grounding & Shielding Agenda PROFIBUS Family PROFIBUS is digital communication, not 4-20mA Ground at both end Ungrounded shield has no effect Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices Installation rules 19 Power Lines Agenda PROFIBUS Family Digital communication is sensitive to power lines Watch out for cable runs in trays Respect distances for air separation Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training Power line too close Power line are removed Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices Installation rules 20 Some examples with Power Lines Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices Installation rules 21 Proper wiring and component selection Agenda PROFIBUS Family Wiring and cable termination is critical Wrong component selection leads to bad installation Take environment in account (humidity, sunlight…) Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices Troubleshooting 22 Recognizing bad installations Agenda PROFIBUS Family You cannot use the multimeter, this is digital comm. Specific tools are required Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Cable Tester Oscilloscope Troubleshooting Training Analyzer Find wiring errors such as short circuit Identify missing termination and EMC Capture error messages and find the source of your system shutdown Cost and time saving by using the right tools! Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices Troubleshooting - Oscilloscope 23 Good signal Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Missing termination Training Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices Troubleshooting - Analyzer 24 Capture all PROFIBUS messages Agenda PROFIBUS Family Useful for random errors Shows underlying conditions Device diagnostic Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices Training 25 Certified Training by PROFIBUS International Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training Benefits Avoid basic errors that cost time and money Quality assurance for design and commissioning Faster project delivery Better installation, longer operation Various courses available PROFIBUS Certified Engineer PROFIBUS Certified PA Module PROFIBUS Certified Installer PROFINET Certified Engineer Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices Certified by 26 The end Thank you for listening Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices
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