SUSANNE R Y D E N - Soprano Two centuries of Italian music Two centuries of Italian music, in this that the solo voice was singled out in selection by SusanneRydin, illustrate the earnest and musical form was subebb and flow of the classicaldispute about ordinated to emotive expression of the which has primacy in the art of singingtext.Thisnew monodicstyle, championed the music or the words. by Giulio Caccini, flourishedonly briefly PhilippeVerdelottorepresents the 16th in its perfected form - the recitative century, more particularly the early imitation of speech was soon rejected as decades when Flemish and French being too amorphous. Even composers of polyphonic compositions were bonded Caccini's generation tended to include tomoremonophonic Italian types of song. occasional arioso sections of a more This resulted in the madrigal, a multi- regular character, aswell as dancerhythms voiced, expressive setting of (a style that in sacred music is described generally on the subject of s 1 i ~ R E i ~ as 2 mixed or hybrid, "stile misto o unattainable love. Verdelotto composed imbastardo"). madrigals for four voices but often Alessandro Grandi, assistant to highlighted the upper partwith descriptive Monteverdi at St Mark's in Venice, is one bursts and figures. It is therefore hardly of the masters of this new soloistic surprising that his madrigalswere already development in religious music. He being published in 1536 in arrangements frequently achieves an almost perfect that transformed the three lower parts balance bctween free and regular passages into a lute accom animent. as well as between textual expression and Verdelotto catcKes the cadences of the musical cohesion. This is particularly Italian lan uage and is able to mirror its evident in his settings of love poetry from changes o temperament in the music. the "Song of Songs". Thestyle is, however, still restrained, even In the duet by Tarquinio Merula, harking back at times to the strict verse Cantate Jtrbilate, there is a similar forms of the late medieval compositions. alternation between short sections in Itwasnot until the endof the 16th century contrasting styles, though this verbal f ornamentation of the refrain "Praise Father, Son and Holy Ghost" does not providemuch scope for affectivepainting. The piece witnesses more to Merula's primary role as an organist and violinist who delighted in experimental instrumental music in the manner of Frescobaldi and Castello. Claudio Monteverdi, the $rand master, is represented here by some hghter pieces. The three secular songs come from "Scherzi musicali", Monteverdi's collections of musical 'ests. The texts are ready-made for t e metres and proportions of the dance. With the verses joined together by instrumental ritornelli, these scherzi are not far removed from the pastoral and comic interludes in early tra 'c opera. ~ f e m u s iof c ~ l e s s a n d r ~carlatti o has a tonal lan age that is perha s associated morereaywithBach,Viv a! diandabove all Handel.Today, Scarlattiis best known for a couple of cantatas with virtuoso trumpet parts, some mediocre orchestral works and for the unfair reputation of havinginvented that characteristicfeature of Nea olitan opera, the aria da capo. In fact, e!lt six hundred and more solo cantatas by his hand contain far greater musical treasures. At his best, Scarlatti h dis lays an understanding of harmon anBcounterpart that is fuIly e4ua! t o ~ a c g - fugues, canons, genuine twelve-tone themes and the most unexpected modulations. But unlike Bach, his intention is never to explore and codify knowledge; the aim, rather, is to enhance the ex ressive character of vocal music. Scar atti furthered the distinction between recitative and aria. The practice of word paintin in recitatives (descending notes in the Jeclamation of "d in extendedcoloratura for " flyin ",aJspf$ of baroque singing styles to iBustrate the nightingale's lament, and so on) ivesway to the aim of expressingthe psyc ological niceties of a situation and rounding out the rather conventional characters portrayed by the text (as in Belka Madre de'Fiori, where Clori, pining for Fileno, seeks comfort in bird song and flowers). The arias in turn focus on a particular imageor emotion andexpress this inways that admit ingenious compositional characterization and bravura performance. P a Mins TengnCr Translation by Patrick Hort Alessandro Scarhtti Bella Madre de' fiori Thou lovely mother of flowers Bell? Madre de' fiori , Rec. tu rimml vezzosa a s argere nel suol soavi odori e &Ida e pietosa al suon dell'aure e de$i augelli al canto tena arrestare al mio gran duolo il pianto: ma pur forza t che mesta lontana dal be1 Idolo ch'adoro piango l'ora funesta che mi rapi dal seno 11 mi0 m o m e sol pub consolar quest'alma fida o &lo torni a goderlo 0'1 duo1 m'uccida Thou lovely mother of flowers Who returns graciously to cover the earth with sweet scents. Calmly, mercifully to the tone of birds' songs on high trylng to ease my tears, my great pain. But, alas, there is no choice -sorrowful and far removed from my handsome idol whom I adore I mourn the dark hour that tore my loved one from my breast and the only comfort I can give my faithful soul is that if I cannot love him the pain will take my life. Tortorella dai flebili accend io comprendo ch'ai lungi il tuo bene O r sepali a noi sono le pene giust'e ancor che sian pari ai lamenti. Aria Tiny dove with thy weak song I think thy love, too, must be far away. If we are sufferingthe same pain it's right for us to raise the same lament. Onda chiara veloce tra scogli lieta corn a mvare il mo vnante deh ytessi almen dare un istante anch io tregua a' miei fieri cordogli. White wave, rapid amongst the stones cheerily thou runs to meet thy love O h that my great suffering, at least for a moment, might find surcease. Ah Pieno, Pileno Ree. adorata cagion de' miei mvdri misera Clori per te si strugge e langue la e tu non r i d dimmi forse no1 credi. Oh Fileno, Pieno Thou cherished cause of my suffering Thy poor Clori will pine and wail if thou dost not renun. Tell me, perhaps I will not be believed. Aria Vanne o car0 su le sponde ove il mar freme incbstante e vedrai correr quell'onde a dar baci le me Go, my dear one, to the shore where ihe sea roars uneasily and thou shall see the waves m h to kiss thy feet beause they bear, God knows, their own water and my tears. perchi portano oh Dio mieme queltacque il pianto mio. Rec. Ma folle e con chi parla a chi mercede io chieggo se non m'ascolta e non ub darmi aita chi l'zma m'ha rapita. Abborita lontananza troppo crud0 Y1 NO velen. Che sari se il ma1 s'avanza man- il cor, I'alma vien men lassa o w e per mercl. chieggio solo un di seren. Minuetto Thou fearful distance Thy poison is too cmel. What will happen if evil approaches my heart fails, my soul hesitates, Ah, I beg thy mercy please just leave one quiet day. If thou couldst be moved to mercy facing so much pain, thou God of love, if my wound was made by thy shaft then only thou canst heal it Ah, why only for me must thou arm thyself with cruelty? A ied di tanto male deK ti movi oh Dio d'amor. Se la piaga fe'l NO strale sol tu pol sanarla ancor hi sol per me d e v ~a r m 4 cL rigor. Cosi, la bella Clori piangea le sue sventure e Arnore intanto col sonno col sonno lusiighier la tolse al pianto. But I am mad, and with whom will I speak, whose help will I beseech if he does not listen if he annot help me he who stole away my soul? Finale Thus wept the lovely Clori of her misery while Cupid with the aid of sleep with librating sleep freed her from her tears. Philippe Verdolotto Madonna il tuo be1 viso My lady, your fair face Madonna il tuo be1 vim Che nel gran mar d'Amor m'l. duc' e scorta, Hora tien viva mia speranz', hor morta, My lady, your fair face Which is my leader and guide on the great sea of Love, Et qual-hor scorg'in esso un be1 sereno, Spiega la vela al vento Senza temer di scogli' o di procella: Ma se la luce nel camin vien meno, di spavento, a la vela alla sua navicella, All' instabil tua stella Scorre l'onde fallace a dritt' e a tono, Et tem' e sper' e mai non vede'l porto. Now revives myhope, and now slays it, And whenever it sees therein fair weather, It spreads its sails to the wind Without fear or reefs or storms: But if the light falls on its path, Filled with terror, It lowers the sails of its buk, In the light of your flickering star It drifts hither and thither on the treacherous waves, And fears and hopes and never espies the port. tp Madonna, qual certezza My lady, what greater proof Madonna, q u a certeua Haver si puo maggior del mio gran foco, Che veder consumarmi a poco a poco? Hiam*! non conoscete Che per mirarvi fiso Son col pensier da med tanto diviso Che transformarmi sento in quel che sete: Lasso! non v'accorgete Che poscia chio fu pres' al vosuo Iaccio, Arrosci' inpallidisco, ardo et aggiaccio; Donque se db vedete, Madonna, qua1 certeua Haver si pub maggior del mio gran foco, Che veder consumarmi a poco a poco? My lady, what gteater proof Can there be of my flame Than to see me wasting away by slow degrees? Ah me! you do not know That by steadily looking on you I am so much divided from myself in mind That I feel myself transformed into you: Alas! you do not realize That since I was caught in your noose, I blush, I grow pale, I burn, I freeze, And so if you see it, My lady, what greater proof Can there be of my flame Than to see me wasting away by slow degrees? Madonn'io sol vorrei My lady, I would only wish Madonn'io som vorrei Che volesti voler quel che vo lio io, Et fosse'l vostro qual eylmio ksio, Gia non v'offenderei, Che se piacess'a voi quel ch'a me piace, Tra noi sarebbe sempre amor e pace. My lady, I would only wish That you would wish to wish what I wish, And were but your desire like unto mine, Never would I offend you, For if what pleases me pleased you, There would ever be between us love and peace. 7 Madonna, per voi ardo My lady, I burn for you Madonna, per voi ardo, Et voi non me'l credete, Perche non pia quanto beUa sere: Ogn'hora miro e guardo, Se tanta crudel& cangiar volete; Donna, non v'accorgete Che per voi mor' e ardo, E per mirar vostra belt; infinita, E voi sola servir, bramo la vita. My lady, I burn for you, And you do not believe it of me, Since you are not as kind as you are fair; Always I look to see If you will depart from such cruelty; Lady,you do not notice That I die and burn for you And to look on your infinite beauty, And serve you alone, I long to live. Fuggi, fuggi, cor mio Flee, flee, my heart Fuggi, fuggi, cor mio L'ingrat' e crud' Amore! Che uopp' b grand errore, Fars' un cieco fanciul si alto iddio. Conosci il tempo erso, Per una finta se coyma d'iqanni! Esci di s e r v i esci ~ d'affam~! Non istar, pih sommerso In gelosia, sospetti, sdegn' e pianti! Che'l fin de ciechi amanti E in van pentirsi fiiir in dolore, Fars' un cieco fanciul si alto iddio. Flee, flee, my heart, Ungrateful, cruel Love! For it is too great an error To make a blind boy so great a god. Realise the wasted time, For a feigning woman one is loaded with deceits! Go forth from slavery, from labours! Be no more whelmed In jealousy, suspicion, humiliation and plaints! For the destiny of blind lovers Is to repent in vain and end in grief, Since it is too great an error To make a blind boy so great a god. Ckaudio Monteverdi Fugge il verno dei dolori The winter of sorrows flees Fugge il verno dei dolori Primavera degli amori Se ne torna Tutt'adorna Di fioretti lascivetti Ma non torni tu gih mai The winter of sorrows flees the spring of love returns ornamented with tiny blossoms that mock me. But you never return 8 Filli ingrata Di spietata A dar fine a li miei guai ungrateful Phyllis you are not moved to pity nor do you free me from my woes. Senti Zeffiro che spira Vedi Amor che I'arco tira, E c'invita A dolce vita Vita quieta Vita lleta E tu sorda, e cieca ahi lasso Neghitosa Disdegnosa Ti starai q u a duro sasso. Hear Zephyr blow See Cupid tighten his bow inviting us to a wond'rous life a peaceful life a cheerful life And you are deaf and blind -woe is me. You, my rejecting one, humiliating one, remain hard as stone. Senti piange Tortorella Q u a s ~afflltta vedovella, Che non trova Che le @ova I1 suo errante Caro amante E tu viver sempre vuoi Sola in noie D a le gioie Nascondendo i sensi tuoi Hear the little dove weep like a grieving widow to whom no one can return her lost beloved one. And you want to go on living alone in sorrow while from happiness you turn your senses. T u non sai che lieto stato E il trovarsi accompagnato Mira Filli Amarilli Quanto ode Con suaqode Di star sempre a Tirsi in braccio, Filli o h quanto Farai pianto Se disprezzi questo laccio. You do not know the joy of being two See, Phyllis, Amaryllis see her pleasure see her proclaim her happiness at sharing Tirsis' embrace Phyllis, see what sorrow there is in store if you hold our union in contempt. Quel sguardo sdegnosetto - That insolent gaze Quel sguardo sdegnosetto lucente e minaccioso quel dardo velenoso a ferirmi il petto belezze ond'io tutt'ardo <son d a m e diviso piagatemi col sguardo sanatemi col riso. That insolent gaze bright and threatening that poison shaft which pains my breast beauty for which I burn and which is kept from me wound me with your gaze heal me with your smile. Armatevi pupille d'asprissimo rigore versatemi su'l core un nembi di faville ma'l labro non s$ tardo a rawlvarmi ucclso feriscami quel sguardo ma sanimi quel riso. Arm your eyes with forbidding sternness pour showers of sparks onto my heart yet your lips will not be late to wake me when I have died from this. May your gaze hurt me but your smile heal me Begl'occhi a l'armi a l'armi io vi preparo il seno gioite di piagarmi in fin ch'lo venga meno e se da vostri dardi io resterb con uiso ferischino sguardi ma sanami quel riso. Take pleasure in wounding me Until, at last, I faint and if your shafts Do vanquish me May I be hurt by their gazes but won over by their smiles. Dolci miei sospiri My sweet sighs Dolci miei sospiri Dolci miei martiri Dolce mio desio E voi dolci canti E voi dolci pianti Rimanete a Dio. My sweet sighs my sweet torment my sweet longing and you, sweet songs, and you, sweet tears, stay on, and may all be as it is now. quJ Lovely eyes, take up your weapons I offer you my breast A la ria partita Vento, e mare invita 0 volubili hore, Ma non pih querele Duro Amor crudele Ama il mio dolore. To a hateful farewell the wind and seas call Ah, fickle times but I shall lament no more. Stern, cruel Cupid loves to see me suffer. E se mai solena Suoi pensier diletta Per solingo loco, A lei dolci canti A lei dolcipianti Dite del mlo foco. And if no spark of light brings her spirit succour in that desolate place. For her, sweet songs For her, sweet tears Tell of my ardour. Meco mova il piede Lamia ura fede Come Zce oogn'hora Voi d'intorno state Ala gran beltate Che per me s'indora. May love stay, faithful, stay with me just as she has, every moment, And as it is close by now In the presence of the great beauty who gilds my senses. Alessandro Grandi 0 dulce nomen Jesus Jesus, oh sweet name 0 dulce nomen Jesus, s lendor aeterni luminis. u salus mundi, tu gloria coeli, tu verus delitiarum Paradisus. Salve mi Jesus, ad te toto corde venio; quia amore tui Langueo. 0 flamma vitalis in divina caritate ardere. 0 mors uiumphalis, in nomine Jesu vitam terminari. 0 Jesus, sitio pro te, Jesus, oh sweet name, Sheen of the everlasting light Thou redeemer of the world. Thou delight of heaven Thou true paradise of joy Redeem me, Jesus. I seekThee with all my heart As I am sick with love of Thee. Oh flame of life, To burn in divine love. Oh death in triumph, To end my life in Jesus' name. Oh Jesus, I thirst for thee Q quam pulchra es, formosa mea, o quam tu pulchra es. Oculi tUi columbarum, capilli tui sicut greges caprarum et dentes tui sicut greges tonsarum.. 0 quam tu ulchra es. Veni, veni Libano, veni, arnica mea, columba mea, formosa mea. 0 quam tu pulchra es, venl, veni, coronaberis. Surge, surge, propera, surge sponsa mea, surge, dilecta mea, surge, immaculata mea. Surge, veni. Q u ~ amore a langueo. 2 Thou an fair, my beauty Oh how fair thou art Thine eyes are as the eyes of doves Thy hair as herds of goats And thy teeth are as a flock of ewes Oh how fair thou art. Come, come from Lebanon Come, my love, my dove, my fair one. Oh how fair thou art. Come, come thou shalt be crowned Rise up, rise up, away, rise up my bride, rise up, my love, rise up, my undefiled. Rise up, come, as I am sick with love. Tarquino Merula Cantate Iubilate Sing, celebrate Cantate, iubilate, exultate et psallite Alleluia Gloria Paai qui nos creavit Alleluia Gloria Filio qui nos redamit Alleluia Gloria Spiritui Sancto qui nos sanctificavit Alleluia Sing, celebrate, rejoice and sing psalms Hallelujah. Praised be the Lord our Creator, Hallelujah. Praised be the Son who has delivered us. Hallelujah. Praised be the Holy Spirit, our Sanctifier. Hallelujah. Alessandro Scarlatti I1 Ruosignolo Qui dove a1 fin m'assido odo mesto usignol che si larnenta Ed or che sono in questi orror notturni he Nightingale Here, as I settle down at last, I hear the mournful nightingale's lament. And now I am siezed with nocturnal terror 13 I1 doloroso canto tacito e sol vo'accompagnar col pianto. Ben che amaro si f i car0 il penar quand'altri pena. E car0 il enar quand'altri pena. Par che d?ca l'altrui duolo In penar non sei N solo Datti pace e il duo1 raffrena M i o h Dio che ogni dolore Quanto diletta ~ i htant'k , maggiore Lo si, lo s i pur ~ o p p o Quel misero augeletto Che sfogando il suo affetto. D i quel duo1 che l'accora Sempre pih s'addolora Lento prima incornincia E tutto pende da una tremola voce E par che mora Quando rinforza il fiato E resto ascende, trila, scioglie pih note E ~ osospira i poi cessa e si ritira Mormorando nel sen ~ r o f u n d enote Indi irato si scuote, si sfeda, si r i s ~ o n d e poi s'ascolta Ed agitando in mille guise e mille la gola armoniosa Tal o r si stanca m i non mai riposa. Quel be1 canto t si grato Che al mio cor la pena molce E addormenta ogni dolor. Pur deliro e sospiro Che quel canto ch'k si dolce, dolce Fa ch'io pensi al core ingrato Ch'il mio cor che l'arno tanto, tanto sol tradi per d u o arnor. and, silent and lonely, I add my tears to the suffering song. Although it is a bitter thing, it is also fine To suffer when others are suffering. It is good to suffer when others are suffering. The suffering of the others seems to say that you are not alone with your pain Brings you peace and curbs your misery. But, oh God, how each pain is enlarged with each sense of pleasure and this he knows, unfortunately knows the unhappy little bird. And as he ventilates his love the pain in his heart grows more sorrowful still. He begins slowly at first And everything hangs on one trembling tone that seems to fade away until he gets his breath And it rises rapidly, uills, plays different notes, to sigh, hesitate and withdraw as be rumbles deep notes from his chest then ruffles himself roughly up, shouts something to which he himself replies and listens. And he hears his melodious song in many thousand different ways. Sometimes he tires, but yet he never rests. His song is so lovely that the suffering in my heart is consoled and all my pain sleeps. Still I pine and sigh as this lovely, lovely song reminds me of the ungrateful heart that abandoned my heart, wich had loved it so dearly, for another love. Per dar lampo a tuoi lumi maggiore Per dar lamPo a tuoi lumi maggiore tolsi amore dal ciel le faville ma vedute si ciare pupille rese a gl'astri il rapito s~lendore. Pianse I'alba e la stilla cadente s'indurb nella conca del riso rise il ciel et a1 sol del be1 viso formb l'arco pih vago e lucente. To make your eyes shine brighter To make your eyes shine brighter I stole, my love, the stars' spark from the sky but when I found how brightly your eyes shone I returned to the stars their stolen sheen. The dawn wept and the star which fell froze on the smiling firmament The skies smiled and made the lightest loveliest arch in the sunshine of that lovely face. PETER C R O T O N was born 1957 in New at the Consewatoire in Paris. Today he is a York Ci . H e began classical guitar lessons in trumpeter in theorchestre duTheatreinReims, 1969 w i x Leon Atkinson, and subse uently as well as being a trumpet teacher. William Dongois has specialised in the music studied lute and guitar with Loris 01annes Choanian at the Oberlin Conservatory of fromthe 16thand 17thcenturies. Hehas studied cornet with Jean Pierre Canihac and at the Music. After raduating from Oberlin in 1979 with a " ~ a c i e l o rof Music" Peter Croton Schola Cantorum in Basel with Bruce Dickey. continued lute studies with EugenM.Dombois Inrecent ears,WilliamDon ~ i s h a s ~ e r f o r m e d och Hopkinson Smith at the ScholaCantorum and m a L recordings witk ensembles and Basiliensis in Basel, Switzerland. In 1984 he outstanding soloists includingJordi Savall, RenC w o n first prize a t the "Erwin Bodky Jacobs, Jan Koopmann, ConcertoPalatino, and Competition for Early Music" in Cambridge, others. H e also plays with newer ensembles Massachusets, and has also won prizes at including Pontormo, Le Consert BrisC and Le international competitions in New York City Genice, winner of the 1990 Early Music and Toronto. Peter Croton performs and Ensemble Competition in Brugge. records fre uently throughout Euro e as a soloist and &amber musician, and teacfes lute A N N WALLSTROX, violin, studied at the andcontinuoattheScholaCantorum Basiliensis RoyalCollegeofMusicinStockholm, rimarily and the Conservatory of Music in BielIBienne, for Professor Josef Griinfarb, and !as been engaged mainly in various forms of chamber Switzerland. muslc, f o r instance w i t h I Q u a t t r o WILLIAM D O N G O I S was born in Langis, Temperamenti, Drottnin~holm's,Baroque France. H e studied trumpet in Reims and then Ensemble and, as first vio lnlst, w ~ t hBach- 15 Colle ium Stockholm. As soloist she appears annua%y at the Iceland Festival of Baroque Music, where she is also director of studies and artistic director for the festival chamber orchestra. As an instructor in baroque performance she has worked for the colleges of music in Stockholm and Malmo, Sweden, as well as in ReykjavikShe has made several records andperformed on radio and television. Karajan Academy in Berlin. From 1983- 89she was alternatin solo cellist in the Court Orchestra and t t e Ro al Opera in Stockholm and has now launchelan independent career, playinginanumberofBaroqueensemblesand alsoperformingmorerecentmusic, for instance with the Pollicino Ensemble. She has given concerts in other Scandinavian countries as well as in other parts of Europe, Australia and China. BJORN G ~ ~ F V E Rstudied T organ and harpsichord at the Royal College of Music in Stockholmandhasconcentratedonearlymusic. He performs regular1 with leading. Swedish ensembles and cioirs, for Instance Dr~ttnin~holm's Baroque Ensemble, BarockModem, Adolf Fredrik's Bach Choir and Eric Ericson's Chamber Choir. The countries in which he has given concerts include Australia, China,Japan and the Soviet Union. He has also participated in a number of recordings and in performances on radio and television. MARIT BERGMAN studied violin for Otto Kyndel and Gosta Finnstrom at the Royal College of Music in Stockholm and has been an independent musician for many years, playing mainly in the Court Orchestra, the Radio Sweden Symphony Orchestra and the Drottningholm Theatre Orchestra. She also articipates in a number of baroque ensembles, for hstance~apella~uova, the~rottnin~holm Baro ue Ensemble and Bach-Collegium ~ t o c d o l mShe . has taken part in a great many concerts, tours and recordings both in and A ~ ~ A ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ s tatut hde i~ de sdb ec r e~outside l l o Sweden. Institute of Music in Stockholm and at the THIS RECORDING took place in Peuuskyrkan, Stocksund, on May 4 - 6, 1990. The recording engineerwas Bertil Gripe who used a Fostex D-20DAT and a AKG C422 stereo microphone. Digitally editied. Glassmaster: CD-mastering, Malmo. Manufactured by DanDisc, SaksLbing, Denmark. Produced by Erland Boethius. Cover design: Cecilia Billstrom/I~v1sl~~~ GRAPHICS. Coverphotographs: Cecilia Billstrom and Nikolaus Frank. Translation of song texts: Linda Schenck, Blenda Holm61 and Gunilla Carlson. O & 8 1990 PROPHONE MUSICm, Stockholm, Sweden. MADE I N DENMARK
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