関係代名詞 - 教育開発ONLINE

関係代名詞
主格の who
基本文
a I have an American friend who studies Japanese.
私には日本語を勉強しているアメリカ人の友達がいます。
b I have some American friends who study Japanese.
私には日本語を勉強しているアメリカ人の友達が何人かいます。
関係代名詞……文中の名詞を別の文で修飾するときに使う。２つの文を結ぶ接続詞の働きと，代名詞の
働きをかねる。
I have an American friend. And he studies Japanese.
接続詞＋代名詞
I have an American friend
who studies Japanese.
日本語を勉強しているアメリカ人の友達
＊関係代名詞節に修飾される(代)名詞(上の文では an American friend)を先行詞という。
主格の関係代名詞 who……who は，who ∼ の節の中で主語の働きをするので，主格の関係代名詞と呼
ばれる。先行詞が
人
I know the boys.
I know the boys
先行詞
人
のときに使う。
＋They are playing tennis over there.
who
are playing tennis over there. (私は向こうでテニスをしている少年たちを
知っています）
主語＋動詞∼>
＊who のあとの動詞の形は，先行詞の人称・数に合わせる。
基本文
The girl who is playing the guitar is Emi.
ギターを弾いている少女は絵美です。
who ∼ の節がの主語を修飾する場合……主語のすぐあとに who ∼ の節が続くので，文中に who ∼ の節
が挿入される形になる。
The girl is Emi.
The girl
＋She is playing the guitar.
who is playing the guitar is Emi.
主語＝先行詞
長い主語
ギターを弾いている少女は
＊関係代名詞の文を読むとき，
ふつうは関係代名詞の前で区切るが，
長い主語のときはそのあとで区切る。
I know the boys /who are playing tennis over there.
The girl who is playing the guitar /is Emi.
□ American アメリカ(人)の
116
□ over there 向こうで，あそこで
Unit 14 関係代名詞
確認問題
主格の関係代名詞 who 例にならい，次の２つの文を who を使って１つの文に書きかえるとき，
に
適する語を書きなさい。また，できた文の意味も完成させなさい。
〔例〕 I have a friend. He likes tennis. → I have a friend who likes tennis.
⑴
I have an aunt. She lives in China.
I have an aunt
in China.
私には
⑵
がいます。
I have some friends. They speak English well.
I have some friends
English well.
私には
⑶
が何人かいます。
I know a boy. He can use computers.
I know a boy
use computers.
私は
⑷
を知っています。
Here are two girls. They come from Australia.
Here are two girls
from Australia.
ここに
⑸
が２人います。
Do you know the woman ? She can cook Chinese dishes.
Do you know the woman
cook Chinese dishes?
あなたは
主語を修飾する who ∼
を知っていますか。
例にならい，次の２つの文を who を使って１つの文に書きかえ，できた文の
意味も完成させなさい。
〔例〕 The girl is Rika. She has long hair. → The girl who has long hair is Rika.
⑴
The boy is my brother. He is swimming in the pool.
英文
日本文
⑵
は私の弟です。
The girl is my sister. She is drawing a picture.
英文
日本文
は私の妹です。
⑶ The man is M r. Okada. He teaches us science.
英文
日本文
⑷
は岡田先生です。
The woman is my mother. She brought us tea.
英文
日本文
は私の母です。
⑸ The man can play tennis very well. He is in front of the door.
英文
日本文
□ Chinese dishes 中華料理
はテニスがとても上手にできます。
□ pool プール
□ in front of ∼
∼の前に
117
次の文の
に who と which の適するほうを書きなさい。また，できた英文を日本文になおしなさい。
⑴
I know a boy
⑵
The cat
⑶
Do you have a watch
⑷
I saw a woman
⑸
The girl
▶
，
is sleeping on the chair is Tama.
was made in Japan ?
was carrying a big bag yesterday.
has black hair is Mari.
⑴
I have a friend. She can speak English and French.
⑵
M ary has a dog. It runs fast.
⑶
Please show me the picture. It was taken by your uncle.
⑷
Do you know the boy? He can play video games very well.
⑸
Look at that mountain. It is covered with snow.
⑹
We have a son. He works very hard.
次の文の適する位置に( )内の関係代名詞を入れ，全文を書きなさい。
⑴
Here is a picture my brother painted. (which)
⑵
This is the car Mr. Smith bought last month. (that)
⑶
The story I read yesterday was very interesting. (that)
⑷
The tall building we see by the river is our school. (which)
⑸
M iss White is a teacher we all love. (that)
122
，
is good at tennis.
次の２つの文を，who か which を使って１つの文に書きかえなさい。
□ carry 運ぶ，持っていく
□ river 川
▶
□ snow 雪
□ son 息子
□ paint (絵の具で絵を)描く
▶
□ by ∼のそばに
Unit 14 関係代名詞
次の２つの文を，( )内の語を使って１つの文に書きかえなさい。
▶
⑴
I ll lend you the book. I bought it yesterday. (which)
⑵
I have lost the watch. Father gave it to me. (that)
⑶
I ll show you some pictures. I took them in Hokkaido. (which)
⑷
The building was built last year. You see it at the foot of the hill. (that)
⑸
The boy was very kind. We met him at the station yesterday. (that)
意味の通る英文になるように，( )内の語句を並べかえて全文を書きなさい。
⑴
This is the notebook (my brother /which /gave to me).
⑵
I like the song (that /is singing /Nancy).
⑶
I know a boy (that /baseball /very much /likes).
⑷
Here is a girl (China /from /who /is).
⑸
Look at the dog (running /which /is /in the park).
⑹
The sport (can /I /well /play) is tennis.
次の日本文に合う英文になるように，
⑴
に適する語を書きなさい。
私にはアメリカ合衆国出身の友達がいます。
I have a
⑵
おじが私にくれた犬をあなたに見せてあげましょう。
I ll show you the
⑶
the best.
sports very much.
私はとても速く走る車を持っています。
I have a
⑹
to me.
光司はスポーツがとても好きな少年です。
Koji is a
⑸
my uncle
これは私が一番好きな歌です。
This is the
⑷
from the United States.
very fast.
ニュージーランドは私たちが去年訪れた国です。
New Zealand is a
last year.
□ lost＜lose(なくす)の過去形・過去分詞
□ at the foot of∼ ∼のふもとに
□ kind 親切な
□ United States (the ∼ で)アメリカ合衆国
□ New Zealand ニュージーランド
123
次の文の下線部の関係代名詞が省略できる場合は○を，省略できない場合は×を書きなさい。
⑴
I know a man who likes singing very much.
〔
〕
⑵
There s something that I want to show you.
〔
〕
⑶
Look at the girls who are walking over there.
〔
〕
⑷
The doll which she bought yesterday was pretty. 〔
〕
⑸
She keeps a dog which has a long tail.
〔
〕
⑹
This is the radio which my uncle gave to me.
〔
〕
⑺
The plane that we saw yesterday was very big. 〔
〕
次の２つの文を，( )内の語を使って１つの文に書きかえなさい。
⑴
I keep a dog. It swims very well. (that)
⑵
The mountain is called Mt. Fuji. It is the highest in Japan. (which)
⑶
The girl is a friend of mine. You see her over there. (that)
⑷
The bridge is very beautiful. It was built last year. (that)
⑸
Look at the baby. She has very big eyes. (who)
⑹
These books were very interesting. M r. Mori wrote them. (which)
次の各組の文がほぼ同じ内容を表すように，
⑴
⑵
⑶
⑷
⑸
⑹
に適する語を書きなさい。
This is a fish which was caught by Mr. Yamada.
This is a fish Mr. Yamada
.
That picture was taken by Toshiki.
That is a picture which Toshiki
.
I m looking for a man to help me.
I m looking for a man
will help me.
The boys were playing basketball yesterday. I took pictures of them.
I took pictures of the boys
playing basketball yesterday. 明法>
I visited an old man who was called Joe.
I visited an old man
Joe.
China is a big country with a long history.
China is a big country
a long history.
□ pretty かわいい
□ tail しっぽ
□ high 高い
□ a friend of mine 私の友達
□ bridge 橋
□ look for ∼ ∼をさがす
□ history 歴史
124
大阪教育大附・平野>
Unit 14 関係代名詞
次の日本文に合う英文になるように，( )内の語を並べかえて全文を書きなさい。
⑴
私の姉が去年買ってくれたバッグをなくしてしまいました。
新潟>
I (bag /bought /have /lost /my/sister /the) for me last year.
⑵
何かわからないことがありますか。
(there /don t /anything /you /is /understand /?)
⑶
髪の長い女の子は私の妹です。
駿台甲府>
The (my/has /is /sister /girl /long /who /hair).
⑷
これは彼女を有名にした本です。
This (her /is /made /the /book /which) famous.
⑸
これは私が今までに見た中で，一番大きなりんごです。
This is the biggest apple (ever /I /that /seen /have).
次の日本文を，関係代名詞を使って英文になおしなさい。
⑴
私には名古屋に住んでいる姉が１人います。
⑵
私は漱石(Soseki)の書いた本を１冊買うつもりです。
⑶
８月は７月のあとにくる月です。
⑷
彼は私が会ってみたい科学者の一人です。
⑸
目の青いその少女はナンシー(Nancy)です。
桜美林>
プラス・ワン
英語の授業で，自分が大切にしているものを紹介することになりました。あなたが紹介したいものを１
，日本語で記入し，それについて説明する文を英語で関係代名詞を使って書きなさい。ただし，語数
0語以上とし，１文で書いても，２文以上で書いてもかまいません。
(
□ speech 演説
和歌山改
)
□ famous 有名な
125
演習問題
次の文の
実
力
養
成
編
Unit 14
に，who，which のうちいずれか適するほうを書きなさい。
⑴
This is the umbrella
⑵
The boy
⑶
Tell me about the song
⑷
She has a big dog
⑸
There s a boy
⑹
Sapporo is the city
⑺
The students
I bought last week.
sang very well is Jun.
you like the best.
is three years old.
is waiting for you.
I visited last summer.
came to our school last year were Meg and Jane.
次の英文を日本文になおしなさい。
⑴
Tom has a sister who goes to college.
⑵
Is this the camera which your father gave you ?
⑶
The subject I like the best is science.
⑷
Do you know the boy who broke the window?
⑸
There was no name on the notebook which I found.
⑹
Is there anything that I can do for you ?
次の各組の文がほぼ同じ内容を表すように，
⑴
⑵
⑶
⑷
⑸
⑹
⑺
176
に適する語を書きなさい。
John has an uncle living in Africa.
John has an uncle
in Africa.
The book was very interesting. I read it last month.
The book
last month was very interesting.
Look at the girl with blue eyes.
Look at the girl
blue eyes.
Bob drew the picture. I like it.
I like the
.
Is this the bus for Shibuya ?
Is this the bus
to Shibuya ?
M ary wants to read a book written by a Japanese writer.
M ary wants to read a book
a Japanese writer
There are many poor children. They need our help.
There are many poor children
our help.
.

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