Rock and mineral 2 Name: Date: 1. Which mineral

Rock and mineral 2
Name:
1.
Date:
Which mineral property is illustrated by the
peeling of muscovite mica into thin, at sheets?
A.
luster
B.
C.
hardness
D. cleavage
4.
streak
A mineral's crystal shape and cleavage are a direct
result of the mineral's
A.
hardness
B.
abundance in nature
C.
arrangement of atoms
D. exposure to the hydrosphere and atmosphere
2.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the Earth Science Reference Tables, the
diagram and table below, and your knowledge of
Earth science.
5.
If the volume of mineral sample A is 28 cubic
centimeters, sample A is most likely
A.
C.
copper
chalcopyrite
B.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the table below, which shows the characteristics
of four di erent mineral samples.
Mineral Characteristics
Mineral
Sample
galena
D. dolomite
Color
Luster
Streak
Breakage Pattern
Galena
gray
metallic
gray
Halite
colorless
nonmetallic
colorless break into cubes
Gold
yellow
metallic
yellow
Quartz
colorless
nonmetallic
breaks into cubes
colorless irregular breakage
irregular breakage
Which two mineral samples would be most
di cult to distinguish from each other based on
their color, luster, and streak?
3.
The original shape of mineral sample A was
altered when it was hit with a rock hammer.
Which physical property caused the mineral to
break as it did?
A.
hardness
B.
luster
C.
cleavage
D. streak
page 1
A.
halite and quartz
B.
halite and gold
C.
galena and quartz
D. galena and gold
6.
Scratching a mineral against a glass plate and
rubbing a mineral on a streak plate are helpful
procedures for determining a mineral's
A.
density
B.
identity
C.
cleavage
8.
A.
mineral's color
B.
mineral's abundance in nature
C.
amount of iron the mineral contains
D. internal arrangement of the mineral's atoms
D. internal atomic structure
9.
7.
The hardness of these minerals is most closely
related to the
The accompanying table shows the density of four
mineral samples.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on Moh's mineral hardness scale and the chart
below showing the approximate hardness of some
common objects.
Mineral
Cinnabar
Density
(g/cm3 )
8.2
Magnetite
5.2
Quartz
2.7
Siderite
3.9
If the shape and size of the four mineral samples
are the same, which mineral will settle most slowly
in water?
A.
cinnabar
B.
magnetite
C.
quartz
D. siderite
Which statement is best supported by this scale?
A.
A ngernail will scratch calcite, but not
quartz.
B.
A ngernail will scratch quartz, but not
calcite.
C.
A piece of glass can be scratched by quartz,
but not by calcite.
10.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the “Properties of Common Minerals” chart in
the Earth Science Reference Tables.
Which mineral leaves a green-black powder when
rubbed against an unglazed porcelain plate?
D. A piece of glass can be scratched by calcite,
but not by quartz.
page 2
A.
galena
B.
graphite
C.
hematite
D. pyrite
Rock and mineral 2
11.
Which mineral scratches dolomite and is scratched
by olivine?
A.
galena
B.
C.
potassium feldspar
D. muscovite mica
13.
quartz
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the diagram below, which shows three minerals
with three di erent physical tests, A, B, and C,
being performed on them.
Which sequence correctly matches each test, A, B,
and C, with the mineral property tested?
12.
An unidenti ed mineral that is softer than calcite
exhibits a metallic luster and cubic cleavage. This
mineral most likely is
A.
galena
B.
C.
halite
D. pyroxene
A.
A—cleavage; B—streak; C—hardness
B.
A—cleavage; B—hardness; C—streak
C.
A—streak; B—cleavage; C—hardness
D. A—streak; B—hardness; C—cleavage
pyrite
page 3
Rock and mineral 2
14.
The photograph below shows a broken piece of
the mineral calcite.
16.
The photograph below shows a piece of halite that
has been recently broken.
The calcite breaks in smooth, at surfaces because
calcite
A.
is very dense
B.
is very soft
C.
contains certain impurities
Which physical property of halite is demonstrated
by this pattern of breakage?
D. has a regular arrangement of atoms
15.
17.
Which mineral will scratch glass (hardness = 5.5),
but not pyrite?
A.
gypsum
B.
uorite
C.
orthoclase
D. quartz
A.
hardness
B.
streak
C.
cleavage
D. luster
What is the best way to determine if a mineral
sample is calcite or quartz?
A.
Observe the color of the mineral.
B.
Place the mineral near a magnet.
C.
Place a drop of acid on the mineral.
D. Measure the mass of the mineral.
page 4
Rock and mineral 2
18.
How are the minerals biotite mica and muscovite
mica di erent?
A.
Biotite mica is colorless, but muscovite mica
is not.
B.
Biotite mica contains iron and/or magnesium,
but muscovite mica does not.
C.
Muscovite mica scratches quartz, but biotite
mica does not.
20.
The photograph below shows the intergrown
crystals of a pegmatite rock.
(Actual
D. Muscovite mica cleaves into thin sheets, but
biotite mica does not.
size)
Which characteristic provides the best evidence
that this pegmatite solidi ed deep underground?
19.
A human ngernail has a hardness of
approximately 2.5. Which two minerals are softer
than a human ngernail?
A.
21.
A.
low density
B.
light color
C.
felsic composition
D. very coarse texture
The table below shows some observed physical
properties of a mineral.
calcite and halite
Physical Property
B.
sulfur and uorite
C.
graphite and talc
distinguishing characteristic
feels greasy
cleavage/fracture
shows some de nite at surfaces
hardness
D. pyrite and magnetite
white
Observation
color
scratched by the mineral calcite
Based on these observations, the elements that
make up this mineral's composition are
A.
sulfur and lead
B.
sulfur, oxygen, and hydrogen
C.
oxygen, silicon, hydrogen, and magnesium
D. oxygen, silicon, aluminum, and iron
page 5
Rock and mineral 2
22.
The diagram below shows four mineral samples,
each having approximately the same mass.
Quartz
25.
Amphibole
Pyroxene
The diagram below shows the index minerals of
Mohs hardness scale compared with the hardness
of some common objects.
Galena
If all four samples are placed together in a
closed, dry container and shaken vigorously
for 10 minutes, which mineral sample would
experience the most abrasion?
23.
A.
quartz
B.
amphibole
C.
pyroxene
D. galena
Which two minerals have cleavage planes at right
angles?
A.
biotite mica and muscovite mica
B.
sulfur and amphibole
C.
quartz and calcite
Which statement is best supported by the diagram?
D. halite and pyroxene
A.
A ngernail will scratch calcite but not
gypsum.
B.
Calcite will be scratched by a copper penny.
C.
The mineral apatite will scratch topaz.
D. A steel le has a hardness of about 7.5.
24.
Which mineral has a metallic luster, a black streak,
and is an ore of iron?
A.
galena
B.
magnetite
C.
pyroxene
D. graphite
page 6
Rock and mineral 2
26.
The table below shows some properties of four
di erent minerals.
Mineral Variety
Color
Hardness
chert
gray, brown, or yellow
7
int
black
Luster
Composition
nonmetallic
SiO2
7
nonmetallic
28.
Which mineral precipitates from oceans and forms
rock salt?
SiO2
A.
quartz
B.
C.
halite
D. olivine
jasper
red
7
nonmetallic
SiO2
chalcedony
white or light color
7
nonmetallic
SiO2
uorite
The minerals listed in the table are varieties of
which mineral?
27.
A.
garnet
B.
magnetite
C.
quartz
D. olivine
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the diagram below, which shows the results of
three di erent physical tests, A, B, and C, that
were performed on a mineral.
29.
Although more than 2,000 minerals have been
identi ed, 90% of Earth's lithosphere is composed
of the 12 minerals listed below.
Rock-Forming
Minerals
feldspar
augite
mica
magnetite
quartz
calcite
homblende
kaolinite
garnet
olivine
pyrite
talc
The best explanation for this fact is that most
rocks
The luster of this mineral could be determined by
A.
using an electronic balance
B.
using a graduated cylinder
C.
observing how light re ects from the surface
of the mineral
A.
are monomineralic
B.
are composed of recrystallized minerals, only
C.
have a number of minerals in common
D. have a 10% nonmineral composition
D. observing what happens when acid is placed
on the mineral
page 7
Rock and mineral 2
30.
Which di erence between gabbro bedrock and
granite bedrock causes seismic waves to travel
faster in gabbro than in granite?
A.
Gabbro is more dense than granite.
B.
Gabbro has greater permeability than granite.
C.
Gabbro has a darker color than granite.
32.
The accompanying photograph shows actual crystal
sizes in a light-colored igneous rock that contains
several minerals, including potassium feldspar,
quartz, and biotite mica.
D. Gabbro is made of smaller mineral grains
than granite.
The rock should be identi ed as
31.
A.
granite
B.
gabbro
C.
basalt
D. rhyolite
Which characteristic provides the best evidence that
obsidian rock formed in an extrusive environment?
A.
layers of rounded fragments
B.
distorted bands of large mineral crystals
C.
noncrystalline glassy texture
33.
D. mineral cement between grains
Most rocks that form from fragmental rock
particles are classi ed as
A.
extrusive igneous
B.
intrusive igneous
C.
clastic sedimentary
D. chemical sedimentary
page 8
Rock and mineral 2
34.
Which igneous rock has a vesicular texture and a
felsic composition?
A.
pumice
B.
C.
granite
D. scoria
36.
The photograph below shows an outcrop where
a light-colored, igneous rock is cross cut by a
dark-colored, igneous rock.
basalt
This ne-grained, dark-colored, igneous rock is
most likely
35.
A.
rhyolite
B.
diorite
C.
basalt
D. gabbro
Which texture best describes an igneous rock that
formed deep underground?
A.
C.
glassy
ne grained
B.
vesicular
D. coarse grained
37.
page 9
Which property of a mineral most directly results
from the internal arrangements of its atoms?
A.
volume
B.
color
C.
crystal shape
D. streak
Rock and mineral 2
38.
The table below shows the chemical composition
of some common minerals found in rocks of
lithosphere.
Mineral
Hematite
39.
Chemical Composition
The elements contained in four minerals are given
in the accompanying table. The basic structural
unit of one of the minerals is also shown. The
atom of element 1 is surrounded by four atoms of
element 2.
Fe2 O3
Calcite
CaCO2
Quartz
SO2
Potassium feldspar
KAlSi3 O8
potassium feldspar
B.
C.
quartz
D. calcite
Element 2
Halite
sodium
chlorine
lead
sulfur
Flourite
calcium
Quartz
silicon
Galena
As indicated by its chemical composition, which
mineral could have formed when CO2 (carbon
dioxide) combined with another substance?
A.
Mineral Element 1
ourine
oxygen
hematite
In which mineral are the atoms arranged as shown
in the basic structural unit?
A.
C.
page 10
uorite
quartz
B.
halite
D. galena
Rock and mineral 2
40.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the table below, which shows the characteristics
of four di erent mineral samples.
43.
Mineral Characteristics
Mineral
Sample
Color
Galena
gray
Halite
Gold
Quartz
Luster
Streak
metallic
Breakage Pattern
gray
breakes into cubes
colorless nonmetallic
colorless
break into cubex
yellow
yellow
irregular breakage
colorless nonmetallic
colorless
metallic
Which home-building material is made mostly
from the mineral gypsum?
A.
plastic pipes
B.
window glass
C.
drywall panels
D. iron nails
irregular breakage
Which two mineral samples most likely have a
similar internal arrangement of atoms?
41.
A.
galena and quartz
B.
galena and halite
C.
gold and halite
D. gold and galena
44. Biotite mica and muscovite mica have di erent
chemical compositions. Compared to the magma
from which biotite mica forms, the magma from
which muscovite mica forms is usually
Which two rocks have the most similar mineral
composition?
A.
marble and rhyolite
B.
limestone and basalt
C.
quartzite and rock salt
A.
more ma c and less dense
B.
more ma c and more dense
C.
more felsic and less dense
D. more felsic and more dense
D. granite and phyllite
45.
42.
The internal atomic structure of a mineral most
likely determines the mineral's
A.
color, streak, and age
B.
origin, exposure, and fracture
C.
size, location, and luster
Wavy bands of light and dark minerals visible in
gneiss bedrock probably formed from the
A.
cementing together of individual mineral
grains
B.
cooling and crystallization of magma
C.
evaporation of an ancient ocean
D. heat and pressure during metamorphism
D. hardness, cleavage, and crystal shape
page 11
Rock and mineral 2
46.
Silicate minerals contain the elements silicon and
oxygen. Which list contains only silicate minerals?
49.
A.
graphite, talc, and selenite gypsum
A.
uorite and calcite
B.
potassium feldspar, quartz, and amphibole
B.
magnetite and pyrite
C.
calcite, dolomite, and pyroxene
C.
amphibole and quartz
D. biotite mica, uorite, and garnet
47.
Which minerals contain the two most abundant
elements by mass in Earth's crust?
D. galena and sulfur
Which mineral can be found in all samples of
rhyolite and andesite?
A.
pyroxene
B.
quartz
C.
biotite
D. potassium feldspar
50.
The diagram below shows magni ed views of
three stages of mineral crystal formation as molten
material gradually cools.
Which rock normally forms when minerals
crystallize in these stages?
48.
Which material is made mostly of the mineral
quartz?
A.
sulfuric acid
B.
C.
plaster of paris
D. window glass
A.
shale
B.
gneiss
C.
gabbro
D. breccia
pencil lead
page 12
Rock and mineral 2
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Rock and mineral 2
01/15/2016
1.
Answer:
D
21.
Answer:
C
2.
Answer:
B
22.
Answer:
D
3.
Answer:
C
23.
Answer:
D
4.
Answer:
C
24.
Answer:
B
5.
Answer:
A
25.
Answer:
B
6.
Answer:
B
26.
Answer:
C
7.
Answer:
C
27.
Answer:
C
8.
Answer:
D
28.
Answer:
C
9.
Answer:
C
29.
Answer:
C
10.
Answer:
D
30.
Answer:
A
11.
Answer:
C
31.
Answer:
C
12.
Answer:
A
32.
Answer:
A
13.
Answer:
A
33.
Answer:
C
14.
Answer:
D
34.
Answer:
A
15.
Answer:
C
35.
Answer:
D
16.
Answer:
C
36.
Answer:
C
17.
Answer:
C
37.
Answer:
C
18.
Answer:
B
38.
Answer:
D
19.
Answer:
C
39.
Answer:
C
20.
Answer:
D
40.
Answer:
B
Teacher's Key
41.
Answer:
D
42.
Answer:
D
43.
Answer:
C
44.
Answer:
C
45.
Answer:
D
46.
Answer:
B
47.
Answer:
C
48.
Answer:
D
49.
Answer:
C
50.
Answer:
C
Page 2

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