Reno, NV
National Compensation Survey
June 1998
________________________________________________________________________________________________
U.S. Department of Labor
Alexis M. Herman, Secretary
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Katharine G. Abraham, Commissioner
July 1999
Bulletin 3095-16
Reno, NV
Metropolitan Statistical Area
Washoe
Reno
Preface
T
For additional information regarding this survey, please
contact the BLS San Francisco Regional Office at (415)
975-4350. You may also write to the Bureau of Labor Statistics at: Division of Compensation Data Analysis and
Planning, 2 Massachusetts Avenue, NE, Room 4175,
Washington, DC 20212-0001, or call (202) 606-6220, or
send e-mail to [email protected].
The data contained in this bulletin are also available at
the BLS Internet site (https://www.bls.gov/ocs/#data ).
Data are in three formats: an ASCII file containing the
published table formats; an ASCII file containing positional
columns of data for manipulation as a data base or spreadsheet; and a Portable Document Format (PDF) file containing the entire bulletin.
Material in this bulletin is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission. This information will be made available to sensory
impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202)
606-7828; Federal Relay Service: 1-800-877-8339.
his bulletin provides results of a June 1998 survey of
occupational pay in the Reno, NV, Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). Data shown in this bulletin were collected as part of the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) new
program known as the National Compensation Survey
(NCS).
The survey could not have been conducted without the
cooperation of the many private firms and government jurisdictions that provided pay data included in this bulletin.
The Bureau thanks these respondents for their cooperation.
Survey data were collected and reviewed by Bureau of
Labor Statistics field economists under the direction of
Caryl O’Keefe, Assistant Regional Commissioner for Operations of the San Francisco Regional Office. The Office
of Compensation and Working Conditions, in cooperation
with the Office of Field Operations and the Office of Technology and Survey Processing in the BLS National Office,
designed the survey, processed the data, and analyzed the
survey results.
iii
Contents
Page
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................
Wages in the Reno, NV, MSA ...................................................................................................................
1
2
Tables:
A-1. Hourly earnings for selected occupations, all workers, all industries ...........................................
A-2. Hourly earnings for selected occupations, all workers, private industry and
State and local government...........................................................................................................
A-3. Hourly earnings for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers,
all industries .................................................................................................................................
A-4. Weekly and annual earnings and hours for selected occupations,
full-time workers only, all industries ............................................................................................
B-1. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and levels, all industries,
private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers ............................
B-2. Mean hourly earnings for selected occupations and levels, all industries,
private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers ............................
C-1. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and selected characteristics,
all industries .................................................................................................................................
C-2. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and industry division,
private industry, all workers .........................................................................................................
C-3. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and establishment employment size,
private industry, all workers .........................................................................................................
C-4. Number of workers represented by occupational group ...............................................................
4
6
9
12
14
17
20
21
22
23
Appendix A:
Technical Note .....................................................................................................................................
Appendix table 1. Number of establishments studied and represented............................................
Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors......................................................................................
Appendix table 3. Average work levels ...........................................................................................
v
24
28
29
31
Introduction
T
coverage of occupations and establishments within the survey area.
Occupations surveyed for this bulletin were selected
using probability techniques from a list of all those present
in each establishment. Previous OCS bulletins were limited to a preselected list of occupations, which represented
a small subset of all occupations in the economy. Information in the new bulletin is published for a variety of occupation-based data. This new approach includes data on
broad occupational classifications such as white-collar
workers, major occupational groups such as sales workers,
and individual occupations such as cashiers.
In tables containing work levels within occupational series, the work levels are derived from generic standards that
apply to all occupational groups. The job levels in the
OCS bulletins were based on narrowly-defined descriptions
that were not comparable across specific occupations.
Occupational data in this bulletin are also tabulated for
other classifications such as industry group, full-time versus part-time workers, union versus nonunion status, time
versus incentive status, and establishment employment size.
Not all of these series were generated by the OCS program.
The establishments surveyed for this bulletin were limited to those with 50 or more employees. Eventually, NCS
will be expanded to cover those now-excluded establishments. Then, virtually all workers in the civilian economy
will be surveyed, excluding only agriculture, private households, and employees of the Federal Government.
his survey of occupational pay was conducted in the
Reno, NV, Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). The
MSA includes Washoe County.
This bulletin consists primarily of tables whose data are
analyzed in the initial textual section. Tabulations provide
information on earnings of workers in a variety of occupations and at a wide range of work levels. Also contained in
this bulletin is information on the program, a technical note
describing survey procedures, and several appendixes with
detailed information on occupational classifications and the
generic leveling methodology.
NCS design and products
The Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) new National Compensation Survey (NCS) is designed to provide data on the
levels and rates of change of occupational wages and employee benefits for localities, broad geographic regions,
and the nation as a whole. One output of the NCS will be
the Employment Cost Index, a quarterly measure of the
change in employer costs for wages and benefits. This
bulletin is limited to data on wages and salaries. These
data are similar to those released under the Occupational
Compensation Survey (OCS), which has been discontinued.
NCS more extensive than OCS
The wage data in this bulletin differ from those in previous
Occupational Compensation Surveys by providing broader
1
Wages in the
Reno, NV
Metropolitan Statistical Area
S
and local government workers averaged $21.58. Table A-2
reports the average hourly rate for white-collar occupations
as $14.15 in private industry and $23.99 in State and local
government. Blue-collar occupations showed an average
hourly rate of $13.67 in private industry and $15.18 in
State and local government. Service occupations within
private industry averaged $7.32 per hour while those found
in State and local government averaged $16.32.
traight-time wages in the Reno, NV, Metropolitan Statistical Area averaged $13.16 per hour during June
1998. White-collar workers had an average wage of
$16.48 per hour. Blue-collar workers averaged $13.76 per
hour, while service workers had average earnings of $8.28
per hour. (All hourly rates in this summary cover both fulland part-time workers, unless otherwise noted.)
Chart 1. Average hourly wage rates by occupational
group, Reno, NV, June 1998
Chart 2. Average hourly rates for private industry and
State and local government, Reno, NV, June 1998
Dollars per hour
$ 20
Dollars per hour
$
25
Private
industry
15
State and
local
government
20
10
15
10
5
0
5
Whitecollar
Bluecollar
Service
workers
0
White-collar
Within each of these occupational groups, average
hourly wages for individual occupations were estimated.
For example, white-collar occupations included registered
nurses at $21.96 per hour, secretaries at $11.29, and receptionists at $8.09. Among occupations in the blue-collar
category, truck drivers averaged $12.96 per hour while
stock handlers and baggers averaged $8.00. Finally, service occupations included maids and housemen at $7.06 per
hour and nursing aides, orderlies and attendants at $9.15
per hour. Table A-1 presents earnings data for 62 detailed
occupations; data for other detailed occupations surveyed
could not be reported separately due to concerns about the
confidentiality of survey respondents and the reliability of
the data.
Survey results show that private industry workers in
Reno, NV earned $11.61 per hour, while surveyed State
Blue-collar
Service
Table A-3 presents data for workers considered by the
survey respondents to be either full-time or part-time. Average wages for full-time workers, all occupations, were
$13.49 per hour, compared with an average of $9.90 per
hour for part-time workers.
Data for specific work levels within major occupational
groups are reported in table B-1. Occasionally, wage estimates for lower levels of work within major occupational
groups are greater than estimates for higher levels. This
can occur due to the mix of specific occupations (and industries) represented by the broad group as well as by the
variability of the estimate. Some levels within a group may
not be published because no workers were identified at that
level or because there were not enough data to guarantee
confidentiality and reliability.
2
in all service-producing industries, $14.53 in transportation
and public utilities, $13.13 in wholesale and retail trade,
$12.05 in finance, insurance and real estate, and $9.36 in
services. Data for other industry divisions did not meet
publication criteria.
Table C-4 reports that a total of 93,648 workers were
represented by the Reno, NV survey. White-collar occupations included 43,059 workers, or 46 percent, blue-collar
occupations included 18,816 workers, or 20 percent; and
service occupations included 31,773 workers, or 34 percent.
Work levels for all major groups span several levels,
with professional specialty occupations and executive, administrative, and managerial occupations typically starting
and ending at higher work levels than the other groups.
Published data for administrative support occupations, including clerical, ranged from level 1 to level 7. As illustrated in Chart 3, the average hourly rate was $6.47 for
level 1, $8.51 for level 3, $13.45 for level 5, and $18.51 for
level 7.
Chart 3. Average hourly rates by work level for
administrative support occupations, including clerical,
Reno, NV, June 1998
Chart 4. Distribution of workers represented by
occupational group, Reno, NV, June 1998
Dollars per hour
$20
Percent
50
15
40
10
30
5
20
10
0
1
3
5
7
Level
0
Whitecollar
Surveyed union workers had an average hourly rate of
$18.36, as reported in table C-1. Wages for nonunion
workers averaged $12.15. Time workers, whose wages
were based solely on an hourly rate or a salary, averaged
$12.94 per hour. Incentive workers, whose wages were at
least partially based on productivity payments, averaged
$17.87 per hour.
Table C-2 shows wage data for specific industry divisions within private industry. In the private sector, within
all goods-producing industries, hourly wages averaged
$13.50 in manufacturing. Hourly wages averaged $10.94
Bluecollar
Service
workers
Data are also presented in appendix table 1 on the number of establishments studied by industry group and employment size. The relative standard errors of published
mean hourly earnings for all industries, private industry,
and State and local government are available in appendix
table 2. The average work levels for published occupational groups and selected occupations are presented in appendix table 3.
3
Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, Reno, NV,
June 1998
All industries
Percentiles
Occupation3
Mean
10
All occupations ....................................................................... $13.16
All occupations excluding sales ............................................ 13.26
$5.58
5.52
25
Median
50
$7.13 $10.40
7.15 10.53
75
90
$16.75
17.02
$24.29
24.29
White-collar occupations ...................................................
White-collar occupations excluding sales .........................
16.48
17.49
7.13
7.73
9.00
10.00
13.64
15.25
21.30
22.18
28.49
28.85
Professional specialty and technical occupations ............
Professional specialty occupations ...............................
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .......................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................
Natural scientists ......................................................
Health related occupations .......................................
Registered nurses ................................................
Teachers, college and university ..............................
Teachers, except college and university ..................
Social scientists and urban planners ........................
Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................
Social workers ......................................................
Lawyers and judges ..................................................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and
professionals, N.E.C. ..........................................
Technical occupations ..................................................
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians
Licensed practical nurses .....................................
Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. ..........
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ...
Executives, administrators, and managers ...............
Financial managers ..............................................
Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. .............
Managers and administrators, N.E.C. ..................
Management related occupations ............................
Personnel, training, and labor relations
specialists .......................................................
Construction inspectors ........................................
Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............
Sales occupations ............................................................
Supervisors, sales occupations ............................
Sales workers, other commodities ........................
Cashiers ...............................................................
Administrative support occupations, including clerical .....
Secretaries ...........................................................
Hotel clerks ...........................................................
Transportation ticket and reservation agents .......
Receptionists ........................................................
Order clerks ..........................................................
Personnel clerks except payroll and timekeeping
Records clerks, N.E.C. .........................................
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......
Billing clerks ..........................................................
Dispatchers ...........................................................
Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ...................
Stock and inventory clerks ....................................
General office clerks .............................................
Bank tellers ...........................................................
Data entry keyers .................................................
Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. .........
25.33
27.78
27.02
–
22.88
23.09
21.96
–
27.73
–
19.45
19.45
–
14.81
17.13
18.92
–
16.58
17.26
17.26
–
20.02
–
15.00
15.00
–
18.10
20.25
23.05
–
19.27
19.35
18.94
–
23.21
–
15.61
15.61
–
22.28
24.18
26.27
–
21.51
22.84
21.85
–
27.67
–
18.06
18.06
–
29.37
31.19
29.97
–
26.00
24.90
23.52
–
33.01
–
23.50
23.50
–
36.40
36.58
32.47
–
31.10
31.25
26.64
–
36.40
–
25.69
25.69
–
–
18.18
16.86
14.58
21.15
23.06
24.95
24.64
23.39
25.31
19.61
–
10.55
10.05
12.57
11.50
14.60
18.00
19.48
18.18
18.00
11.50
–
13.14
11.54
13.48
18.51
18.18
21.30
21.56
22.85
19.23
15.24
–
16.82
17.84
15.11
18.59
22.99
24.62
24.16
22.99
24.75
18.88
–
21.51
21.62
15.31
24.25
26.58
27.08
25.39
22.99
26.64
23.31
–
21.62
21.62
15.78
33.50
31.47
33.50
31.47
30.47
36.06
26.05
19.82
22.56
16.77
12.10
18.04
14.36
7.95
11.49
11.29
7.74
8.13
8.09
9.35
10.06
11.27
10.89
10.41
16.53
12.90
10.72
12.97
9.21
10.41
12.57
14.42
17.25
10.90
6.00
7.05
6.35
5.50
7.15
6.42
6.16
6.58
6.50
7.61
8.23
8.12
7.35
8.50
11.62
8.25
7.00
8.51
8.30
7.00
6.91
18.88
20.47
12.00
6.86
11.10
7.60
6.00
8.23
9.60
6.92
7.41
7.28
8.09
9.33
8.80
8.22
8.98
14.30
10.00
8.00
11.14
8.67
8.82
9.23
18.88
22.18
15.89
9.25
12.50
10.90
7.00
10.63
10.47
7.42
7.59
8.00
9.00
10.62
11.25
10.60
10.57
16.56
12.50
10.35
13.32
8.91
9.05
12.36
24.47
26.05
18.59
12.70
26.50
13.74
8.72
13.94
12.33
8.91
8.29
8.25
10.42
10.63
13.76
13.58
11.55
18.61
13.36
13.10
15.24
9.54
14.18
16.50
24.47
26.05
23.94
23.18
36.74
32.32
12.45
17.38
17.38
9.64
10.11
10.00
11.04
11.00
14.42
16.50
12.31
21.89
20.08
14.11
16.51
10.35
14.43
19.10
13.76
18.47
19.56
7.00
11.44
11.82
9.05
14.02
13.60
12.34
18.00
18.48
17.11
22.64
25.97
23.14
27.90
28.61
14.43
13.98
17.96
11.04
10.34
11.00
9.00
14.46
7.62
9.20
13.85
11.44
17.84
9.05
9.45
14.02
13.47
18.41
10.07
9.97
14.42
16.49
18.59
12.49
10.07
20.77
17.02
22.07
14.67
12.13
Blue-collar occupations .....................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ..........
Automobile mechanics .........................................
Electronic repairers, communications and
industrial equipment .......................................
Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ..........................
Construction trades, N.E.C. ..................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ...........
See footnotes at end of table.
4
Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, Reno, NV,
June 1998 — Continued
All industries
Percentiles
Occupation3
Mean
Blue-collar occupations (-Continued)
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
(-Continued)
Assemblers ...........................................................
Transportation and material moving occupations .............
Truck drivers .........................................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ......
Stock handlers and baggers .................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. .......
Hand packers and packagers ...............................
Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ...................
Service occupations ...........................................................
Protective service occupations .................................
Supervisors, guards ..............................................
Firefighting occupations ........................................
Police and detectives, public service ....................
Guards and police except public service ..............
Food service occupations .........................................
Supervisors, food preparation and service
occupations ....................................................
Bartenders ............................................................
Waiters and waitresses ........................................
Cooks ...................................................................
Food counter, fountain, and related occupations
Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................
Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................
Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. .................
Health service occupations .......................................
Health aides, except nursing ................................
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ...............
Cleaning and building service occupations ..............
Supervisors, cleaning and building service
workers ...........................................................
Maids and housemen ...........................................
Janitors and cleaners ...........................................
Personal service occupations ...................................
Supervisors, personal service occupations ..........
Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities ..
Service occupations, N.E.C. .................................
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid
to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living
adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for
overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips.
The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and
dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The 10th,
25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in the
earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of
the workers receive the same as or more than the rate shown,
and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. At the
25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or
less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn
the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th
percentiles follow the same logic.
2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers.
Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a
part-time schedule based on the definition used by each
establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week
schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one
establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a
40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual
10
25
Median
50
75
90
$9.24
13.47
12.96
14.91
9.08
8.00
10.76
8.57
8.77
$7.28
6.50
6.50
8.50
6.00
5.50
7.00
7.00
6.00
$8.61
9.44
9.00
11.10
7.00
5.80
8.00
7.13
7.15
$9.42
13.64
13.95
14.65
8.36
6.20
10.26
7.30
8.46
$10.07
16.65
16.14
20.08
10.75
10.30
13.09
9.23
10.42
$10.66
20.08
18.61
20.08
13.58
13.58
14.25
11.66
12.24
8.28
13.94
10.38
14.88
23.15
7.95
7.18
5.15
7.00
6.09
12.42
16.54
6.25
5.15
5.50
8.00
6.25
13.99
19.69
7.00
5.18
6.85
13.14
10.51
15.14
21.51
7.87
6.26
9.00
18.14
11.56
15.81
26.88
8.75
8.00
13.92
23.43
12.88
16.73
30.41
9.78
10.67
12.86
6.97
5.40
9.02
5.71
7.39
5.49
6.26
9.60
10.51
9.15
7.84
7.68
5.15
5.15
7.37
5.15
6.01
( 4)
( 4)
7.13
8.42
6.85
5.65
9.50
5.51
5.15
7.81
5.15
6.48
(4)
(4)
7.87
8.85
7.62
6.16
11.29
6.84
5.15
8.72
5.27
7.16
(4)
(4)
8.85
10.81
8.67
7.21
15.58
7.00
5.46
10.25
6.65
8.71
(4)
(4)
10.93
11.75
9.74
9.18
19.48
10.64
6.36
11.19
6.65
8.71
(4)
(4)
12.92
13.09
12.39
10.87
11.16
7.06
8.28
7.10
14.08
6.16
8.26
7.25
5.63
5.75
( 4)
8.00
( 4)
5.27
8.40
6.08
6.40
(4)
12.50
(4)
5.62
12.04
6.53
7.75
(4)
13.75
(4)
7.50
12.50
7.96
9.87
(4)
16.47
(4)
9.28
14.73
9.04
11.46
(4)
16.47
(4)
12.83
occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.
Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major
occupational groups.
4
The positional statistics for this occupation were
suppressed because some were below the minimum wage. In
this update survey, an average decrease in mean wages for this
occupation was applied to the positional statistics, causing the
10th percentile to go below the minimum wage.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data
did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and
occupational levels may include data for categories not shown
separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this
update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the
positional statistics where averages were collected.
This
procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote
level–with the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates
from the prior survey are moved by the average change in mean
wages for the occupation.
5
Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, Reno, NV,
June 1998
Private industry
Percentiles
Occupation3
Mean
Professional specialty and technical
occupations ..............................................
Professional specialty occupations .............
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .....
Mathematical and computer scientists ...
Natural scientists ....................................
Health related occupations .....................
Registered nurses ..............................
Teachers, college and university ............
Teachers, except college and university
Social scientists and urban planners ......
Social, recreation, and religious workers
Lawyers and judges ................................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes,
and professionals, N.E.C. .................
Technical occupations ................................
Clinical laboratory technologists and
technicians ....................................
Licensed practical nurses ...................
Technical and related occupations,
N.E.C. ...........................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial
occupations ..............................................
Executives, administrators, and
managers ..........................................
Financial managers ............................
Managers, service organizations,
N.E.C. ...........................................
Managers and administrators, N.E.C.
Management related occupations ..........
Management related occupations,
N.E.C. ...........................................
Sales occupations ..........................................
Supervisors, sales occupations ..........
Sales workers, other commodities ......
Cashiers .............................................
Administrative support occupations, including
clerical ......................................................
Secretaries .........................................
Hotel clerks .........................................
Transportation ticket and reservation
agents ...........................................
Receptionists ......................................
Order clerks ........................................
Personnel clerks except payroll and
timekeeping ..................................
Records clerks, N.E.C. .......................
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing
clerks ............................................
Billing clerks ........................................
Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks
Stock and inventory clerks ..................
General office clerks ...........................
Bank tellers .........................................
Data entry keyers ...............................
Administrative support occupations,
N.E.C. ...........................................
Blue-collar occupations ...................................
Percentiles
Mean
10
25
Median
50
75
90
$5.43
5.39
$6.76
6.75
$9.19
9.18
$14.25
14.43
$21.68
21.62
14.15
14.82
6.92
7.50
8.26
8.91
11.54
12.50
18.21
19.00
24.92
24.99
23.99
23.98
12.40
12.40
15.61
15.61
21.34
21.34
28.31
28.09
36.58
36.58
20.44
22.23
25.94
–
–
22.24
20.93
–
–
–
–
–
12.50
16.43
18.92
–
–
17.21
17.12
–
–
–
–
–
15.31
18.67
23.05
–
–
18.78
18.49
–
–
–
–
–
19.35
22.19
26.27
–
–
21.75
20.82
–
–
–
–
–
23.58
24.92
26.92
–
–
24.18
23.17
–
–
–
–
–
29.91
31.00
32.37
–
–
31.00
24.48
–
–
–
–
–
29.91
31.38
–
–
–
25.80
26.21
–
–
–
–
–
18.06
18.10
–
–
–
19.69
21.51
–
–
–
–
–
21.41
21.51
–
–
–
23.50
23.50
–
–
–
–
–
25.69
27.61
–
–
–
23.52
23.52
–
–
–
–
–
33.25
34.82
–
–
–
30.08
29.37
–
–
–
–
–
41.91
42.24
–
–
–
33.01
34.82
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.69
–
10.05
–
12.68
–
15.25
–
18.59
–
24.58
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
16.86
14.50
10.05
12.57
11.54
13.48
17.84
15.04
21.62
15.31
21.62
15.76
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
21.15
11.50
18.51
18.59
24.25
33.50
–
–
–
–
–
–
22.53
13.68
18.00
22.99
26.64
30.96
25.22
17.21
20.94
24.16
26.29
39.22
24.08
24.93
18.00
18.82
20.22
19.86
24.52
25.00
27.08
31.47
31.47
31.47
29.30
–
24.16
–
24.16
–
26.14
–
39.22
–
39.22
–
23.54
25.21
19.42
18.18
18.00
10.90
22.85
19.23
15.22
22.99
24.62
18.59
22.99
26.85
23.94
30.47
36.06
27.26
–
–
20.17
–
–
16.69
–
–
18.30
–
–
20.94
–
–
21.98
–
–
24.47
16.59
12.05
18.04
14.36
7.95
10.90
6.00
7.05
6.35
5.50
12.00
6.86
11.10
7.60
6.00
15.22
9.25
12.50
10.90
7.00
18.59
12.70
26.50
13.74
8.72
23.94
22.41
36.74
32.32
12.45
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.81
10.86
7.74
7.12
6.42
6.16
7.98
9.00
6.92
9.83
10.21
7.42
12.50
12.20
8.91
16.75
14.08
9.64
14.40
–
–
12.06
–
–
14.83
–
–
16.58
–
–
18.61
–
–
8.13
8.12
9.35
6.58
6.50
7.61
7.41
7.28
8.09
7.59
8.00
9.00
8.29
8.25
10.42
10.11
10.00
11.04
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.87
11.27
8.23
8.12
8.23
8.80
10.62
11.25
10.63
13.76
11.00
14.42
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.36
10.41
12.90
10.72
11.10
9.21
10.41
7.35
8.50
8.25
7.00
7.96
8.30
7.00
7.79
8.98
10.00
8.00
8.53
8.67
8.82
9.32
10.57
12.50
10.35
11.10
8.91
9.05
12.00
11.55
13.36
13.10
12.50
9.54
14.18
15.65
12.31
20.08
14.11
13.32
10.35
14.43
–
–
–
–
14.41
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.95
–
–
–
–
–
–
13.30
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.93
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.95
–
–
–
–
–
–
16.58
–
–
9.66
6.38
7.13
9.25
11.45
13.52
–
–
–
–
–
–
13.67
7.00
9.00
12.24
17.11
23.59
15.18
12.49
14.02
17.30
22.64
All occupations ..................................................... $11.61
All occupations excluding sales .......................... 11.56
White-collar occupations .................................
White-collar occupations excluding sales .......
State and local government
See footnotes at end of table.
6
10
25
Median
50
75
90
$21.58 $11.00 $14.81 $18.85 $24.57 $33.94
21.56 10.98 14.75 18.70 24.57 33.94
9.03
–
–
8.33
Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, Reno, NV,
June 1998 — Continued
Private industry
Percentiles
Occupation3
Mean
10
25
Median
50
Blue-collar occupations (-Continued)
Precision production, craft, and repair
occupations .............................................. $18.58 $11.00 $14.01 $18.36
Automobile mechanics ....................... 19.56 11.82 13.60 18.48
Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ........ 13.84
8.85 10.75 13.47
Construction trades, N.E.C. ................ 17.96 14.46 17.84 18.41
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors ................................................. 11.04
7.62
9.05 10.07
Miscellaneous machine operators,
N.E.C. ........................................... 10.34
9.20
9.45
9.97
Assemblers .........................................
9.24
7.28
8.61
9.42
Transportation and material moving
occupations .............................................. 13.54
6.50
9.20 13.95
Truck drivers ....................................... 12.96
6.50
9.00 13.95
Industrial truck and tractor equipment
operators ...................................... 14.91
8.50 11.10 14.65
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers .....................................................
8.98
6.00
7.00
8.36
Stock handlers and baggers ...............
8.00
5.50
5.80
6.20
Freight, stock, and material handlers,
N.E.C. ........................................... 10.76
7.00
8.00 10.26
Hand packers and packagers .............
8.57
7.00
7.13
7.30
Laborers except construction, N.E.C.
8.76
6.00
7.15
8.40
Service occupations .........................................
Protective service occupations ...............
Firefighting occupations ......................
Guards and police except public
service ..........................................
Food service occupations .......................
Supervisors, food preparation and
service occupations ......................
Bartenders ..........................................
Waiters and waitresses ......................
Cooks .................................................
Food counter, fountain, and related
occupations ..................................
Kitchen workers, food preparation ......
Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ..........
Food preparation occupations, N.E.C.
State and local government
Percentiles
Mean
10
25
Median
50
75
90
75
90
$22.75
25.97
15.76
18.59
$27.90
28.61
23.15
22.07
12.49
14.67
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.07
10.07
12.13
10.66
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
16.65
16.14
20.08
18.61
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
20.08
20.08
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.56
10.30
13.09
13.58
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
13.09
9.23
10.42
14.25
11.66
12.24
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$17.31 $13.77 $14.02 $16.49 $19.69 $22.64
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.32
8.61
–
5.15
6.15
–
5.39
7.00
–
6.50
8.00
–
8.25
9.27
–
10.64
11.56
–
16.32
19.46
14.88
9.20
14.97
12.42
11.57
15.71
13.99
15.66
18.52
15.14
20.58
21.48
15.81
24.29
26.88
16.73
7.95
7.18
6.25
5.15
7.00
5.18
7.87
6.26
8.75
8.00
9.78
10.67
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.86
6.94
5.40
9.03
7.68
5.15
5.15
7.37
9.50
5.51
5.15
7.81
11.29
6.84
5.15
8.72
15.58
7.00
5.46
10.25
19.48
10.64
6.36
11.19
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.71
7.39
5.49
6.27
5.15
6.01
( 4)
( 4)
5.15
6.48
(4)
(4)
5.27
7.16
(4)
(4)
6.65
8.71
(4)
(4)
6.65
8.71
(4)
(4)
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
7
Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, Reno, NV,
June 1998 — Continued
Private industry
Percentiles
Occupation3
Mean
Service occupations (-Continued)
Health service occupations .....................
Health aides, except nursing ..............
Nursing aides, orderlies and
attendants .....................................
Cleaning and building service
occupations ......................................
Maids and housemen .........................
Janitors and cleaners .........................
Personal service occupations .................
Supervisors, personal service
occupations ..................................
Attendants, amusement and
recreation facilities ........................
Service occupations, N.E.C. ...............
State and local government
Percentiles
Mean
10
25
Median
50
75
90
$8.73
9.67
$6.85
8.40
$7.74
8.85
$8.75
8.85
$9.38
10.87
$10.81
11.63
8.39
6.85
7.52
8.03
9.18
9.81
–
7.44
7.06
7.72
6.96
5.63
5.63
5.63
( 4)
6.09
6.08
6.13
(4)
6.85
6.53
7.25
(4)
8.36
7.96
8.87
(4)
9.77
9.04
10.64
(4)
11.16
–
10.96
10.14
13.24
8.00
12.50
13.34
16.47
16.47
6.08
8.26
( 4)
5.27
(4)
5.62
(4)
7.50
(4)
9.28
(4)
12.83
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium
pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is
computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,
weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in
the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive
the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the
rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less
than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than
the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic.
2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as
working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each
establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be
considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in
another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover
10
25
Median
50
75
90
$12.62 $10.20 $11.18 $12.00 $14.23 $15.89
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.53
–
9.53
5.97
9.87
–
9.87
6.80
10.61
–
10.37
7.44
12.03
–
11.44
10.59
14.62
–
14.02
19.25
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine
major occupational groups.
4 The positional statistics for this occupation were suppressed because some were
below the minimum wage. In this update survey, an average decrease in mean wages
for this occupation was applied to the positional statistics, causing the 10th percentile to
go below the minimum wage.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication
criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for
categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A
procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were
collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with
the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by
the average change in mean wages for the occupation.
8
Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, Reno, NV, June 1998
All industries
Full-time
Occupation3
Percentiles
Mean
10
All occupations ..................................................... $13.49
All occupations excluding sales .......................... 13.54
White-collar occupations .................................
White-collar occupations excluding sales .......
Professional specialty and technical
occupations ..............................................
Professional specialty occupations .............
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .....
Mathematical and computer scientists ...
Natural scientists ....................................
Health related occupations .....................
Registered nurses ..............................
Teachers, college and university ............
Teachers, except college and university
Social scientists and urban planners ......
Social, recreation, and religious workers
Social workers ....................................
Lawyers and judges ................................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes,
and professionals, N.E.C. .................
Technical occupations ................................
Clinical laboratory technologists and
technicians ....................................
Licensed practical nurses ...................
Technical and related occupations,
N.E.C. ...........................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial
occupations ..............................................
Executives, administrators, and
managers ..........................................
Financial managers ............................
Managers, service organizations,
N.E.C. ...........................................
Managers and administrators, N.E.C.
Management related occupations ..........
Construction inspectors ......................
Management related occupations,
N.E.C. ...........................................
Sales occupations ..........................................
Supervisors, sales occupations ..........
Sales workers, other commodities ......
Cashiers .............................................
Administrative support occupations, including
clerical ......................................................
Secretaries .........................................
Hotel clerks .........................................
Transportation ticket and reservation
agents ...........................................
Receptionists ......................................
Order clerks ........................................
Personnel clerks except payroll and
timekeeping ..................................
Records clerks, N.E.C. .......................
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing
clerks ............................................
Billing clerks ........................................
Dispatchers .........................................
Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks
Stock and inventory clerks ..................
General office clerks ...........................
Data entry keyers ...............................
Part-time
$5.88
5.81
25
Median
50
$7.34 $10.87
7.36 10.90
Percentiles
Mean
75
90
$17.13
17.36
$24.52
24.38
Median
50
10
25
75
90
$9.90
10.25
$5.15
5.15
$5.52
5.42
$7.18 $11.38 $17.94
7.15 11.50 20.30
16.71
17.49
7.32
7.74
9.25
10.00
14.00
15.26
21.51
22.11
28.66
28.85
13.99
17.49
6.24
7.57
7.50
10.06
11.04
15.22
16.71
22.79
24.47
33.25
25.58
28.35
26.76
–
22.88
23.33
22.16
–
27.87
–
21.25
21.25
–
14.81
18.06
18.92
–
16.58
17.28
17.28
–
20.46
–
16.52
16.52
–
18.30
20.58
23.05
–
19.27
19.38
18.85
–
23.21
–
16.52
16.52
–
22.40
24.64
26.27
–
21.51
22.99
21.83
–
27.73
–
20.58
20.58
–
29.37
31.25
29.97
–
26.00
24.97
23.52
–
33.01
–
24.57
24.57
–
36.40
36.58
32.37
–
31.10
31.25
27.61
–
36.40
–
25.69
25.69
–
23.35
24.12
–
–
–
22.25
21.42
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.00
15.00
–
–
–
17.20
17.24
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.61
16.71
–
–
–
19.03
19.03
–
–
–
–
–
–
21.25
22.21
–
–
–
22.38
22.01
–
–
–
–
–
–
25.50
28.00
–
–
–
24.06
23.38
–
–
–
–
–
–
33.69
37.04
–
–
–
26.65
24.34
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
18.31
–
10.55
–
13.11
–
16.96
–
21.51
–
21.62
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
16.83
14.58
9.62
12.50
11.54
13.48
17.84
15.11
21.62
15.26
21.62
15.80
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
21.15
11.50
18.51
18.59
24.25
33.50
–
–
–
–
–
–
23.15
14.60
18.53
22.99
26.64
31.47
–
–
–
–
–
–
24.88
24.64
18.00
19.48
21.30
21.56
24.62
24.16
27.08
25.39
33.50
31.47
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
23.39
25.31
19.74
22.56
18.18
18.00
10.90
17.25
22.85
19.23
16.11
20.47
22.99
24.75
19.97
22.18
22.99
26.64
23.31
26.05
30.47
36.06
26.05
26.05
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
16.99
12.91
18.04
17.02
7.98
10.90
6.00
7.05
6.95
5.50
12.00
7.00
11.10
9.40
6.13
16.73
10.01
12.50
11.00
6.97
20.94
13.72
26.50
24.08
8.73
23.94
27.59
36.74
35.92
12.45
–
7.98
–
8.11
7.85
–
5.70
–
6.00
5.47
–
6.25
–
6.35
6.00
–
7.25
–
7.43
7.02
–
8.32
–
7.83
8.32
–
12.45
–
11.64
12.45
11.60
11.30
7.74
7.13
6.42
6.16
8.25
9.60
6.92
10.68
10.84
7.42
14.13
12.33
8.91
17.43
17.38
9.64
9.35
–
–
7.34
–
–
7.59
–
–
9.16
–
–
11.42
–
–
11.50
–
–
8.17
8.14
9.35
6.58
6.50
7.61
7.45
7.28
8.09
7.62
7.54
9.00
8.32
8.25
10.42
10.15
10.00
11.04
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.88
12.07
8.23
8.00
8.23
9.00
10.62
11.54
10.63
13.76
11.00
18.75
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.98
10.41
16.53
12.92
10.72
13.05
10.52
7.35
8.50
11.62
8.25
7.00
8.51
7.00
8.25
8.98
14.30
10.00
8.00
11.47
9.05
10.50
10.57
16.56
12.50
10.35
13.32
9.05
13.58
11.55
18.61
13.36
13.10
15.24
14.18
16.50
12.31
21.89
20.08
14.11
16.51
14.43
9.78
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.42
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.42
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.50
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.50
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.50
–
–
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
9
Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, Reno, NV, June 1998 —
Continued
All industries
Full-time
Occupation3
Percentiles
Mean
10
White-collar occupations (-Continued)
Administrative support occupations, including
clerical (-Continued)
Administrative support occupations,
N.E.C. ........................................... $12.65
Blue-collar occupations ...................................
Precision production, craft, and repair
occupations ..............................................
Automobile mechanics .......................
Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ........
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors .................................................
Miscellaneous machine operators,
N.E.C. ...........................................
Assemblers .........................................
Transportation and material moving
occupations ..............................................
Truck drivers .......................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment
operators ......................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers .....................................................
Stock handlers and baggers ...............
Freight, stock, and material handlers,
N.E.C. ...........................................
Hand packers and packagers .............
Laborers except construction, N.E.C.
Service occupations .........................................
Protective service occupations ...............
Supervisors, guards ............................
Firefighting occupations ......................
Police and detectives, public service ..
Guards and police except public
service ..........................................
Food service occupations .......................
Supervisors, food preparation and
service occupations ......................
Bartenders ..........................................
Waiters and waitresses ......................
Cooks .................................................
Food counter, fountain, and related
occupations ..................................
Kitchen workers, food preparation ......
Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ..........
Food preparation occupations, N.E.C.
Part-time
$6.73
25
Median
50
$9.00 $12.66
Percentiles
Mean
75
90
$17.43
$19.10
10
25
Median
50
75
90
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.28
7.30
9.44
13.05
17.94
23.59
$8.17
$5.60
$6.00
$7.14
18.54
19.56
13.98
11.44
11.82
9.00
14.02
13.60
11.44
18.00
18.48
13.47
22.64
25.97
16.49
27.90
28.61
17.02
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.14
7.73
9.14
10.07
12.53
14.80
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.34
9.48
9.20
7.70
9.45
8.87
9.97
9.56
10.07
10.07
12.13
10.83
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
13.63
13.23
7.00
6.50
10.50
10.75
13.95
13.95
16.65
16.27
20.08
18.61
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.91
8.50
11.10
14.65
20.08
20.08
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.45
9.69
6.30
6.20
7.13
6.59
9.14
9.26
11.37
13.58
13.58
13.58
7.99
6.99
5.50
5.40
6.00
5.75
7.00
6.00
9.00
6.37
11.87
11.53
11.16
8.63
8.91
7.00
7.13
6.00
9.14
7.13
7.15
11.05
7.52
8.62
14.25
9.23
11.04
15.28
11.66
12.24
7.03
–
8.13
6.00
–
6.50
6.15
–
7.00
7.30
–
7.84
7.30
–
9.21
8.00
–
9.97
8.51
14.42
11.22
14.88
23.15
5.15
7.17
6.25
12.42
16.54
5.64
8.34
10.00
13.99
19.69
7.00
14.92
11.04
15.14
21.51
9.33
18.95
12.00
15.81
26.88
15.11
23.50
12.88
16.73
30.41
6.27
6.27
–
–
–
5.15
5.35
–
–
–
5.15
5.94
–
–
–
5.40
6.00
–
–
–
6.55
7.00
–
–
–
8.68
7.50
–
–
–
8.14
7.42
6.75
5.15
7.25
5.32
8.00
6.50
8.84
8.29
9.90
10.84
–
5.57
–
5.15
–
5.15
–
5.20
–
6.02
–
6.47
12.86
6.96
5.39
9.04
7.68
5.15
5.15
7.37
9.50
5.49
5.15
7.81
11.29
6.84
5.15
8.75
15.58
7.00
5.50
10.25
19.48
10.64
6.38
11.19
–
–
5.42
–
–
–
5.15
–
–
–
5.15
–
–
–
5.15
–
–
–
5.42
–
–
–
6.30
–
5.75
7.41
5.53
6.28
5.15
6.01
( 4)
( 4)
5.15
6.48
(4)
(4)
5.15
7.16
(4)
(4)
6.65
8.71
(4)
(4)
6.65
8.71
(4)
(4)
–
–
–
6.06
–
–
–
5.50
–
–
–
5.50
–
–
–
6.21
–
–
–
6.22
–
–
–
6.73
See footnotes at end of table.
10
$9.39 $13.58
Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, Reno, NV, June 1998 —
Continued
All industries
Full-time
Occupation3
Percentiles
Mean
Service occupations (-Continued)
Health service occupations .....................
Nursing aides, orderlies and
attendants .....................................
Cleaning and building service
occupations ......................................
Supervisors, cleaning and building
service workers .............................
Maids and housemen .........................
Janitors and cleaners .........................
Personal service occupations .................
Supervisors, personal service
occupations ..................................
Attendants, amusement and
recreation facilities ........................
Service occupations, N.E.C. ...............
Part-time
Percentiles
Mean
10
25
Median
50
75
90
$9.66
$7.13
$7.75
$8.85
$11.18
$13.09
9.19
6.85
7.52
8.12
9.75
7.84
5.65
6.16
7.20
11.16
7.06
8.30
7.21
7.25
5.63
5.75
( 4)
8.40
6.08
6.40
(4)
14.23
8.00
6.19
8.42
( 4)
5.27
Median
50
10
25
$9.41
$6.98
$8.42
13.46
9.01
6.75
8.33
9.29
9.74
9.19
10.93
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.04
6.53
7.68
(4)
12.50
7.96
9.90
(4)
14.73
9.04
11.56
(4)
–
–
–
6.31
–
–
–
( 4)
–
–
–
(4)
–
–
–
(4)
–
–
–
(4)
–
–
–
(4)
12.50
13.75
16.47
16.47
–
–
–
–
–
–
(4)
5.75
(4)
8.15
(4)
9.28
(4)
12.83
5.98
–
( 4)
–
(4)
–
(4)
–
(4)
–
(4)
–
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium
pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is
computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,
weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in
the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive
the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the
rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less
than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than
the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based
on the definition used by each establishment.
Therefore, a worker with a
35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one
establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the
minimum full-time schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover
75
90
$9.38 $10.16 $11.42
10.67
all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine
major occupational groups.
4 The positional statistics for this occupation were suppressed because some were
below the minimum wage. In this update survey, an average decrease in mean wages
for this occupation was applied to the positional statistics, causing the 10th percentile to
go below the minimum wage.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication
criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for
categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A
procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were
collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with
the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by
the average change in mean wages for the occupation.
11
Table A-4. Weekly and annual earnings1 and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only2, all industries,
Reno, NV, June 1998
All industries
Occupation3
Mean
weekly
hours4
Weekly earnings
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
Annual earnings
Mean
Median
All occupations .......................................................................
All occupations excluding sales ............................................
39.7
39.6
$535
536
$425
426
2,018
2,010
$27,223
27,216
$21,840
21,944
White-collar occupations ...................................................
White-collar occupations excluding sales .........................
39.8
39.7
665
694
550
600
1,987
1,962
33,188
34,311
28,538
30,849
Professional specialty and technical occupations ............
Professional specialty occupations ...............................
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .......................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................
Natural scientists ......................................................
Health related occupations .......................................
Registered nurses ................................................
Teachers, college and university ..............................
Teachers, except college and university ..................
Social scientists and urban planners ........................
Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................
Social workers ......................................................
Lawyers and judges ..................................................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and
professionals, N.E.C. ..........................................
Technical occupations ..................................................
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians
Licensed practical nurses .....................................
Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. ..........
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ...
Executives, administrators, and managers ...............
Financial managers ..............................................
Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. .............
Managers and administrators, N.E.C. ..................
Management related occupations ............................
Construction inspectors ........................................
Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............
Sales occupations ............................................................
Supervisors, sales occupations ............................
Sales workers, other commodities ........................
Cashiers ...............................................................
Administrative support occupations, including clerical .....
Secretaries ...........................................................
Hotel clerks ...........................................................
Transportation ticket and reservation agents .......
Receptionists ........................................................
Order clerks ..........................................................
Personnel clerks except payroll and timekeeping
Records clerks, N.E.C. .........................................
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......
Billing clerks ..........................................................
Dispatchers ...........................................................
Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ...................
Stock and inventory clerks ....................................
General office clerks .............................................
Data entry keyers .................................................
Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. .........
39.1
39.3
42.1
–
42.8
38.9
38.9
–
37.7
–
40.0
40.0
–
1,001
1,115
1,126
–
979
909
863
–
1,051
–
850
850
–
870
969
1,154
–
860
887
835
–
1,042
–
823
823
–
1,816
1,754
2,189
–
2,093
1,870
1,920
–
1,426
–
2,080
2,080
–
46,446
49,732
58,569
–
47,882
43,633
42,533
–
39,736
–
44,194
44,194
–
41,745
43,042
60,008
–
42,994
41,938
41,938
–
39,629
–
42,806
42,806
–
–
38.6
40.0
39.7
42.5
43.5
44.9
44.6
49.3
43.1
41.1
40.0
41.9
40.7
40.3
39.0
39.5
39.0
39.7
40.0
40.0
39.7
40.0
39.1
40.0
40.0
39.9
40.0
39.9
40.0
39.6
39.0
40.0
–
707
673
578
899
1,008
1,117
1,098
1,152
1,091
811
902
712
525
727
663
315
452
449
310
327
323
374
386
483
439
415
661
516
429
517
410
506
–
690
713
595
837
962
1,091
1,259
1,219
1,066
816
887
669
400
499
436
276
419
410
297
305
302
360
404
462
420
423
662
500
414
533
362
506
–
2,000
2,080
2,009
2,210
2,264
2,334
2,318
2,561
2,241
2,137
2,080
2,181
2,115
2,095
2,027
2,054
1,973
2,052
2,080
2,080
2,063
2,080
2,032
2,080
2,080
2,074
2,080
2,075
2,032
2,059
2,028
2,078
–
36,624
34,998
29,301
46,748
52,399
58,059
57,109
59,906
56,736
42,172
46,926
37,043
27,311
37,782
34,495
16,379
22,887
23,200
16,097
17,003
16,790
19,457
20,077
25,113
22,838
21,589
34,374
26,809
21,785
26,867
21,335
26,291
–
35,670
37,099
30,799
43,498
50,003
56,720
65,458
63,378
55,411
42,424
46,126
34,807
20,800
25,955
22,672
14,331
21,021
21,320
15,425
15,850
15,683
18,720
21,005
24,003
21,840
21,986
34,438
26,000
21,445
27,706
18,824
26,333
Blue-collar occupations .....................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ..........
Automobile mechanics .........................................
Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ..........................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ...........
Assemblers ...........................................................
Transportation and material moving occupations .............
Truck drivers .........................................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ......
Stock handlers and baggers .................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. .......
39.9
40.0
39.9
40.0
39.8
40.0
39.9
40.2
40.0
40.0
39.5
38.9
39.3
569
742
781
559
444
414
378
548
529
596
373
377
438
518
724
739
539
403
399
382
558
558
586
358
364
455
2,059
2,079
2,076
2,079
2,066
2,080
2,059
2,012
2,080
2,080
2,043
2,020
2,043
29,394
38,547
40,607
29,071
23,018
21,515
19,526
27,421
27,526
31,012
19,295
19,583
22,801
26,354
37,440
38,442
28,018
20,946
20,738
19,858
28,193
29,016
30,472
18,304
18,907
23,650
See footnotes at end of table.
12
Table A-4. Weekly and annual earnings1 and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only2, all industries,
Reno, NV, June 1998 — Continued
All industries
Occupation3
Blue-collar occupations (-Continued)
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
(-Continued)
Hand packers and packagers ...............................
Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ...................
Service occupations ...........................................................
Protective service occupations .................................
Supervisors, guards ..............................................
Firefighting occupations ........................................
Police and detectives, public service ....................
Guards and police except public service ..............
Food service occupations .........................................
Supervisors, food preparation and service
occupations ....................................................
Bartenders ............................................................
Waiters and waitresses ........................................
Cooks ...................................................................
Food counter, fountain, and related occupations
Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................
Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................
Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. .................
Health service occupations .......................................
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ...............
Cleaning and building service occupations ..............
Supervisors, cleaning and building service
workers ...........................................................
Maids and housemen ...........................................
Janitors and cleaners ...........................................
Personal service occupations ...................................
Supervisors, personal service occupations ..........
Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities ..
Service occupations, N.E.C. .................................
Mean
weekly
hours4
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
39.7
39.6
$343
353
$292
345
2,029
2,059
$17,517
18,347
$15,184
17,929
39.3
41.2
39.6
52.0
40.0
39.6
39.3
335
594
444
774
926
322
292
274
588
441
802
860
318
255
2,037
2,143
2,060
2,705
2,080
2,060
2,046
17,348
30,893
23,103
40,239
48,162
16,763
15,183
14,199
30,571
22,958
41,726
44,741
16,554
13,246
41.5
39.3
38.6
39.4
38.3
39.1
38.1
40.0
37.4
39.8
39.3
534
274
208
356
220
289
210
251
361
366
308
485
273
206
343
206
286
207
242
340
324
282
2,159
2,046
2,006
2,049
1,990
2,032
1,979
2,079
1,785
2,069
2,044
27,769
14,248
10,819
18,526
11,439
15,052
10,939
13,059
17,237
19,018
16,021
25,244
14,216
10,712
17,826
10,712
14,895
10,769
12,570
16,294
16,859
14,654
40.0
39.3
39.3
38.6
40.5
39.3
39.1
446
277
326
279
577
243
329
482
261
300
240
550
222
305
2,080
2,043
2,043
2,009
2,108
2,045
2,033
23,209
14,415
16,950
14,494
29,993
12,652
17,123
25,043
13,581
15,600
12,480
28,600
11,521
15,854
1 Earnings are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are
premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips.
The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours.
The median designates
position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half
receive the same as or less than the rate shown.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where
a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used
to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified
into one of nine major occupational groups.
Weekly earnings
Annual earnings
Mean
Median
4 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a
week, exclusive of overtime.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may
include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere
classified."
NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey.
A procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages
were collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the
quote level–with the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the
prior survey are moved by the average change in mean wages for the
occupation.
13
Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry,
State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Reno, NV, June 1998
All workers 4
All industries
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
All occupations .......................................................................
All occupations excluding sales ............................................
$13.16
13.26
$11.61
11.56
$21.58
21.56
$13.49
13.54
$9.90
10.25
White-collar occupations ...................................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Level 13 ............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
White-collar occupations excluding sales .........................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Level 13 ............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
16.48
6.17
9.43
8.69
10.51
13.93
14.76
19.22
21.81
23.34
24.05
29.82
29.96
42.88
–
17.49
6.47
10.43
8.53
10.83
13.60
14.68
18.56
18.94
23.23
24.05
29.78
29.96
42.88
–
14.15
6.17
9.21
8.74
10.16
13.37
14.37
19.09
22.49
21.54
24.69
31.42
28.66
–
15.96
14.82
–
10.41
8.59
10.38
12.64
14.25
18.11
18.40
21.30
24.69
31.42
28.66
–
15.96
23.99
–
–
–
13.82
15.18
–
19.66
–
25.76
–
28.46
32.17
–
–
23.98
–
–
–
13.82
15.18
–
19.66
–
25.76
–
28.38
32.17
–
–
16.71
6.01
10.09
8.70
10.57
13.96
14.77
19.26
21.82
23.70
23.88
29.82
29.71
42.91
–
17.49
–
10.61
8.53
10.84
13.59
14.68
18.55
18.92
23.59
23.88
29.78
29.71
42.91
–
13.99
6.70
7.51
8.65
9.50
12.93
–
–
–
20.39
–
–
–
–
–
17.49
–
9.29
8.62
10.70
–
–
–
–
20.39
–
–
–
–
–
Professional specialty and technical occupations ............
Professional specialty occupations ...............................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .......................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................
Natural scientists ......................................................
Health related occupations .......................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Teachers, college and university ..............................
Teachers, except college and university ..................
Social scientists and urban planners ........................
Social, religious, and recreation workers ..................
Lawyers and judges ..................................................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and
professionals, N.E.C. ..........................................
Technical occupations ..................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ...
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
25.33
27.78
17.96
19.14
24.19
23.68
29.41
32.53
27.02
–
22.88
23.09
22.31
–
27.73
–
19.45
–
20.44
22.23
–
19.14
21.29
–
28.65
–
25.94
–
–
22.24
21.30
–
–
–
–
–
29.91
31.38
–
–
26.74
–
–
–
–
–
–
25.80
26.21
–
–
–
–
–
25.58
28.35
–
17.76
24.89
23.35
29.41
–
26.76
–
22.88
23.33
22.58
–
27.87
–
21.25
–
23.35
24.12
–
–
20.31
–
–
–
–
–
–
22.25
21.49
–
–
–
–
–
–
18.18
14.84
13.62
19.24
19.61
19.28
23.06
17.91
18.02
21.29
24.40
26.21
–
17.69
13.33
–
19.30
–
19.28
22.53
17.97
18.00
21.82
24.16
27.82
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
25.22
–
–
20.07
–
–
–
18.31
14.91
–
19.24
19.61
–
23.15
18.46
18.02
21.27
24.40
26.21
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Occupational group3 and level
See footnotes at end of table.
14
Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry,
State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Reno, NV, June 1998 — Continued
All workers 4
All industries
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
White-collar occupations (-Continued)
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations
(-Continued)
Level 12 ............................................................
Executives, administrators, and managers ...............
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Management related occupations ............................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Sales occupations ............................................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Administrative support occupations, including clerical .....
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
$28.73
24.95
19.70
21.59
24.40
26.24
28.43
19.61
17.96
16.95
21.01
12.10
6.03
6.36
8.99
9.66
15.46
31.66
11.49
6.47
10.46
8.51
10.88
13.45
14.53
18.51
$28.52
24.08
19.70
21.55
24.16
27.89
28.15
19.42
18.07
16.85
22.37
12.05
6.03
6.36
8.99
9.66
15.46
31.66
10.81
–
10.45
8.57
10.42
12.53
14.47
15.08
–
$29.30
–
–
–
–
–
20.17
–
–
19.91
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.40
–
–
–
13.82
14.85
–
–
$28.73
24.88
19.70
21.55
24.40
26.24
28.43
19.74
18.93
16.95
21.01
12.91
6.02
6.42
9.10
9.83
15.75
31.66
11.60
–
10.65
8.51
10.89
13.45
14.59
18.51
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$7.98
–
6.33
8.67
–
–
–
9.35
–
9.29
8.62
10.70
–
–
–
Blue-collar occupations .........................................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ..........
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving occupations .............
Level 4 ..............................................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .....
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
13.76
7.28
7.70
10.76
11.97
13.61
16.31
20.01
25.44
18.47
14.09
14.84
16.64
20.53
25.41
11.04
7.58
10.22
10.34
12.23
13.47
14.91
9.08
7.33
7.93
11.03
11.19
12.20
13.67
7.25
7.70
10.34
11.54
13.54
16.51
20.11
25.65
18.58
–
14.83
16.89
20.67
25.66
11.04
7.58
10.22
10.34
12.23
13.54
14.91
8.98
7.31
7.93
10.43
11.19
12.20
15.18
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.31
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.28
7.34
7.97
10.78
11.99
13.60
16.31
20.01
25.44
18.54
14.09
14.88
16.64
20.53
25.41
11.14
7.58
10.22
10.31
12.23
13.63
14.91
9.45
7.34
8.42
11.15
11.19
12.20
8.17
7.16
6.86
10.60
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.99
7.31
6.91
10.80
–
–
Service occupations ...........................................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
8.28
5.92
6.47
7.09
8.17
10.43
7.32
5.92
6.45
6.72
8.10
10.10
16.32
–
7.46
–
–
13.54
8.51
6.06
6.53
7.09
8.13
10.44
6.27
5.41
6.08
7.06
8.52
–
Occupational group3 and level
See footnotes at end of table.
15
Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry,
State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Reno, NV, June 1998 — Continued
All workers 4
Occupational group3 and level
Service occupations (-Continued)
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Protective service occupations ...............................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Food service occupations ........................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Health service occupations .....................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Cleaning and building service occupations ............
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Personal service occupations .................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments,
and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations,
holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed
by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of
workers, weighted by hours.
2 Each occupation for which wage data are collected in an
establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge,
complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the
occupation’s ranking within each factor. The points are summed to
determine the overall level of the occupation. See technical note for
more information.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual
occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.
Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major
occupational groups.
4 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees
are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule
All industries
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
$14.03
17.46
18.08
13.94
6.60
7.67
8.34
9.42
17.23
18.65
7.18
5.72
6.13
6.47
7.60
10.80
9.60
10.24
8.88
12.03
7.84
6.92
7.16
8.81
9.92
14.02
7.10
5.64
6.09
6.28
8.38
11.67
$11.55
–
–
8.61
6.60
7.67
8.30
8.88
–
–
7.18
5.72
6.13
6.47
7.58
10.80
8.73
–
8.74
–
7.44
6.92
7.13
7.64
–
–
6.96
5.62
6.04
6.28
8.20
11.67
$18.00
18.18
–
19.46
–
–
–
–
18.26
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.62
–
–
–
11.16
–
–
–
–
–
10.14
–
–
–
–
–
$14.01
17.46
18.08
14.42
–
7.68
8.56
9.42
17.23
18.65
7.42
5.85
6.23
6.52
7.58
10.80
9.66
10.31
–
–
7.84
6.95
7.15
8.81
9.92
14.02
7.21
5.73
6.13
6.26
–
11.67
–
–
–
$6.27
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.57
5.38
5.77
–
–
–
9.41
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
6.31
–
5.91
–
–
–
based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a
full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in
another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time
schedule.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did
not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and
occupational levels may include data for categories not shown
separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this
update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the
positional statistics where averages were collected. This procedure
compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the
same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior
survey are moved by the average change in mean wages for the
occupation.
16
Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private
industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Reno, NV, June 1998
All workers4
Occupation3 and level
White-collar occupations:
Professional specialty and technical occupations:
Professional specialty occupations:
Registered nurses ................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Social workers ......................................................
Technical occupations:
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians
Licensed practical nurses .....................................
Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. ..........
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations:
Financial managers ..............................................
Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. .............
Managers and administrators, N.E.C. ..................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Personnel, training, and labor relations
specialists .......................................................
Construction inspectors ........................................
Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............
Sales occupations:
Supervisors, sales occupations ............................
Sales workers, other commodities ........................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Cashiers ...............................................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Administrative support occupations, including clerical:
Secretaries ...........................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Hotel clerks ...........................................................
Transportation ticket and reservation agents .......
Receptionists ........................................................
Order clerks ..........................................................
Personnel clerks except payroll and timekeeping
Records clerks, N.E.C. .........................................
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Billing clerks ..........................................................
Dispatchers ...........................................................
Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ...................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Stock and inventory clerks ....................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
General office clerks .............................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Bank tellers ...........................................................
Data entry keyers .................................................
Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. .........
Level 4 ..............................................................
Blue-collar occupations:
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations:
Automobile mechanics .........................................
Electronic repairers, communications and
industrial equipment .......................................
Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ..........................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Construction trades, N.E.C. ..................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors:
Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ...........
Assemblers ...........................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
17
All industries
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
$21.96
22.22
19.45
$20.93
21.12
–
$26.21
26.21
–
$22.16
22.49
21.25
$21.42
21.49
–
16.86
14.58
21.15
16.86
14.50
21.15
–
–
–
16.83
14.58
21.15
–
–
–
24.64
23.39
25.31
23.96
24.93
23.54
25.21
23.96
–
–
–
–
24.64
23.39
25.31
23.96
–
–
–
–
19.82
22.56
16.77
–
–
16.59
–
–
–
–
22.56
16.99
–
–
–
18.04
14.36
9.07
7.95
6.03
6.16
8.67
8.87
18.04
14.36
9.07
7.95
6.03
6.16
8.67
8.87
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
18.04
17.02
9.62
7.98
6.02
–
8.46
8.88
–
8.11
–
7.85
–
–
9.38
–
11.29
10.46
7.74
8.13
8.09
9.35
10.06
11.27
10.89
9.07
10.33
10.41
16.53
12.90
14.00
10.72
9.46
12.97
12.56
14.46
9.21
10.41
12.57
12.21
10.86
10.46
7.74
8.13
8.12
9.35
9.87
11.27
10.36
9.07
9.58
10.41
–
12.90
14.00
10.72
9.46
11.10
10.98
–
9.21
10.41
9.66
–
11.30
10.47
7.74
8.17
8.14
9.35
9.88
12.07
10.98
9.07
10.24
10.41
16.53
12.92
14.00
10.72
9.46
13.05
12.60
14.46
–
10.52
12.65
12.34
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.78
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
19.56
19.56
–
19.56
–
14.43
13.98
13.09
17.96
–
13.84
12.06
17.96
–
–
–
–
–
13.98
13.09
–
–
–
–
–
10.34
9.24
10.34
9.24
–
–
10.34
9.48
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.41
–
–
–
–
–
–
Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private
industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Reno, NV, June 1998 —
Continued
All workers4
Occupation3 and level
Blue-collar occupations: (-Continued)
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors:
(-Continued)
Assemblers (-Continued)
Level 2 ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving occupations:
Truck drivers .........................................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers:
Stock handlers and baggers .................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. .......
Hand packers and packagers ...............................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ...................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Service occupations:
Protective service occupations:
Supervisors, guards ..............................................
Firefighting occupations ........................................
Police and detectives, public service ....................
Guards and police except public service ..............
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Food service occupations:
Supervisors, food preparation and service
occupations ....................................................
Bartenders ............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Waiters and waitresses ........................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Cooks ...................................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Food counter, fountain, and related occupations
Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. .................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Health service occupations:
Health aides, except nursing ................................
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ...............
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Cleaning and building service occupations:
Supervisors, cleaning and building service
workers ...........................................................
Maids and housemen ...........................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Janitors and cleaners ...........................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Personal service occupations:
Supervisors, personal service occupations ..........
See footnotes at end of table.
18
All industries
State and
local
government
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
$8.20
–
–
–
12.96
14.91
12.96
14.91
–
–
$13.23
14.91
–
–
8.00
6.78
10.76
8.57
9.12
8.77
6.96
8.52
9.76
8.00
6.78
10.76
8.57
9.12
8.76
6.96
8.52
9.76
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.69
–
11.16
8.63
9.01
8.91
6.41
–
–
10.38
14.88
23.15
7.95
6.57
7.69
8.67
–
–
–
7.95
6.57
7.69
8.67
–
$14.88
–
–
–
–
–
11.22
14.88
23.15
8.14
–
7.71
8.67
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.86
6.97
7.55
5.40
5.56
5.29
9.02
8.49
8.31
5.71
7.39
6.83
5.49
5.56
6.26
5.83
6.65
12.86
6.94
7.52
5.40
5.56
5.29
9.03
8.49
8.31
5.71
7.39
6.83
5.49
5.56
6.27
5.84
6.65
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.86
6.96
7.52
5.39
5.50
5.30
9.04
8.55
8.31
5.75
7.41
6.83
5.53
5.65
6.28
5.81
6.70
–
–
–
5.42
5.66
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
6.06
–
–
10.51
9.15
9.47
8.88
9.67
8.39
–
8.74
–
–
–
–
–
9.19
–
–
–
9.01
–
–
11.16
7.06
6.93
6.91
8.28
6.91
7.39
9.26
–
7.06
6.93
6.91
7.72
6.91
7.33
–
14.08
13.24
All industries
Private
industry
$8.20
–
–
–
–
10.96
–
–
–
–
$6.99
–
7.03
–
–
8.13
–
–
–
11.16
7.06
6.93
6.91
8.30
6.97
7.37
9.26
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.23
–
Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private
industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Reno, NV, June 1998 —
Continued
All workers4
Occupation3 and level
Service occupations: (-Continued)
Personal service occupations: (-Continued)
Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities ..
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Service occupations, N.E.C. .................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments,
and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations,
holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed
by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of
workers, weighted by hours.
2 Each occupation for which wage data are collected in an
establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge,
complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the
occupation’s ranking within each factor. The points are summed to
determine the overall level of the occupation. See technical note for
more information.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual
occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.
Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major
occupational groups.
4 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees
are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule
All industries
Private
industry
$6.16
5.67
5.98
5.65
8.26
–
$6.08
5.64
5.92
5.65
8.26
–
All industries
State and
local
government
–
–
–
–
–
–
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
$6.19
5.87
6.00
5.68
8.42
6.73
$5.98
–
5.82
–
–
–
based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a
full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in
another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time
schedule.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did
not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and
occupational levels may include data for categories not shown
separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this
update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the
positional statistics where averages were collected. This procedure
compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the
same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior
survey are moved by the average change in mean wages for the
occupation.
19
Table C-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and selected characteristics, all industries, Reno, NV,
June 1998
Occupational group2
Full-time
workers3
Part-time
workers3
Union4
Nonunion4
Time5
Incentive5
All occupations .......................................................................
All occupations excluding sales ............................................
$13.49
13.54
$9.90
10.25
$18.36
18.40
$12.15
12.16
$12.94
13.18
$17.87
16.62
White-collar occupations ...................................................
White-collar excluding sales .............................................
16.71
17.49
13.99
17.49
20.05
20.15
15.79
16.84
16.31
17.46
19.32
–
Professional specialty and technical occupations ............
Professional specialty occupations ...............................
Technical occupations ..................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ...
Sales occupations ............................................................
Administrative support including clerical occupations ......
25.58
28.35
18.31
23.15
12.91
11.60
23.35
24.12
–
–
7.98
9.35
26.86
27.72
–
–
–
14.59
24.75
27.82
18.24
23.12
12.05
10.75
25.29
27.78
17.86
23.08
9.41
11.49
–
–
–
–
18.98
–
Blue-collar occupations .....................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ..........
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Transportation and material moving occupations .............
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .....
14.28
18.54
11.14
13.63
9.45
8.17
–
–
–
7.99
19.67
22.53
–
16.22
12.43
11.97
16.29
10.46
11.80
8.62
13.36
18.45
11.04
13.08
9.08
18.25
–
–
–
–
Service occupations ...........................................................
8.51
6.27
13.77
7.52
8.31
5.88
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and
hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays,
nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay
of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.
2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is
used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are
classified into one of nine major occupational groups.
3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm,
where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
4 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through
collective bargaining.
5 Time workers’ wages are based solely on an hourly rate or salary;
incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on
productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production
bonuses.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may
include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not
elsewhere classified."
NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update
survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics
where averages were collected. This procedure compares current locality
survey data–at the quote level–with the same quote from the prior survey.
Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by the average change in
mean wages for the occupation.
20
Table C-2. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and industry division, private industry, all workers2, Reno, NV, June
1998
Goods-producing industries4
Occupational group3
All private
industries
Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing industries5
Total
TransWholeportsale
ation
and
and
retail
public
trade
utilities
Finance,
insurance,
and
real
estate
All occupations ...........................................................................
All occupations excluding sales ................................................
$11.61
11.56
–
–
–
–
–
–
White-collar occupations .......................................................
White-collar excluding sales .................................................
14.15
14.82
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.99
17.63
13.84
14.53
14.17
14.19
14.21
14.96
13.20
13.13
13.50
14.76
Professional specialty and technical occupations ................
Professional specialty occupations ...................................
Technical occupations ......................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations .......
Sales occupations ................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical occupations .........
20.44
22.23
17.69
22.53
12.05
10.81
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
19.18
–
–
23.07
–
11.89
20.61
22.08
18.05
22.75
11.90
10.69
24.10
–
–
–
–
11.42
24.22
–
–
22.05
13.62
12.30
–
–
–
20.68
–
10.21
19.70
21.20
15.81
22.69
7.53
9.25
Blue-collar occupations .........................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ..............
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..................
Transportation and material moving occupations .................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .........
13.67
18.58
11.04
13.54
8.98
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.74
16.39
11.07
–
9.18
12.39
16.59
10.93
13.03
8.77
15.28
20.45
–
13.23
–
12.76
17.91
–
–
8.94
–
–
–
–
–
9.91
13.05
7.48
8.48
8.27
Service occupations ...............................................................
7.32
–
–
–
–
7.30
–
7.20
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium
pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is
computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,
weighted by hours.
2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as
working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each
establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be
considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in
another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover
all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine
major occupational groups.
$13.50 $10.94 $14.53 $13.13 $12.05
13.35 10.81 14.54 12.88 11.96
Services
7.18
$9.36
9.46
7.27
4 Goods-producing industries include mining, construction, and manufacturing.
5 Service-producing industries include transportation and public utilities; wholesale
and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication
criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for
categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A
procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were
collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with
the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by
the average change in mean wages for the occupation.
21
Table C-3. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and establishment employment size, private
industry, all workers2, Reno, NV, June 1998
100 workers or more
All private
industry
workers
50 - 99
workers
All occupations .......................................................................
All occupations excluding sales ............................................
$11.61
11.56
White-collar occupations ...................................................
White-collar excluding sales .............................................
Occupational group3
Total
100 - 499
workers
500
workers or
more
$14.70
14.38
$10.86
10.96
$11.50
11.71
$10.36
10.43
14.15
14.82
16.12
16.20
13.58
14.54
12.96
14.00
14.27
15.05
Professional specialty and technical occupations ............
Professional specialty occupations ...............................
Technical occupations ..................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ...
Sales occupations ............................................................
Administrative support, including clerical occupations .....
20.44
22.23
17.69
22.53
12.05
10.81
18.60
25.94
14.70
24.07
16.02
11.81
20.96
21.69
19.40
22.13
9.65
10.64
19.27
21.27
15.69
21.70
9.97
11.37
21.90
21.91
21.88
22.44
8.93
9.80
Blue-collar occupations .....................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ..........
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Transportation and material moving occupations .............
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .....
13.67
18.58
11.04
13.54
8.98
15.93
21.63
10.10
13.57
8.11
12.56
16.48
11.26
13.50
9.25
12.17
16.91
11.10
14.32
8.67
13.53
15.78
11.53
–
12.28
Service occupations ...........................................................
7.32
6.82
7.36
7.12
7.43
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments,
and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations,
holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed
by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of
workers, weighted by hours.
2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees
are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule
based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a
full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in
another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time
schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual
occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.
Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major
occupational groups.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did
not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and
occupational levels may include data for categories not shown
separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this
update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the
positional statistics where averages were collected. This procedure
compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the
same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior
survey are moved by the average change in mean wages for the
occupation.
22
Table C-4. Number of workers1 represented by occupational group, Reno, NV, June
1998
All workers
Occupational group2
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local government
All occupations .......................................................................
All occupations excluding sales ............................................
93,648
85,676
77,255
69,298
16,393
16,377
White-collar occupations ...................................................
White-collar excluding sales .............................................
43,059
35,087
31,497
23,540
11,562
11,547
Professional specialty and technical occupations ............
Professional specialty occupations ...............................
Technical occupations ..................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ...
Sales occupations ............................................................
Administrative support including clerical occupations ......
11,882
9,228
2,654
4,459
7,972
18,745
5,523
3,506
2,017
3,530
7,957
14,487
6,360
5,723
–
929
–
4,258
Blue-collar occupations .....................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ..........
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Transportation and material moving occupations .............
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .....
18,816
7,246
3,334
2,362
5,874
17,518
6,640
3,334
2,083
5,460
1,298
605
–
–
–
Service occupations ...........................................................
31,773
28,240
3,532
1 Both full-time and part-time workers were included in
the survey. Employees are classified as working either a
full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition
used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a
35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time
in another establishment, where a 40-hour week is the
minimum full-time schedule.
2 A classification system including about 480 individual
occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian
economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of
nine major occupational groups.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that
data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational
groups and occupational levels may include data for
categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not
elsewhere classified."
NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in
this update survey. A procedure was put into place to
"move" the positional statistics where averages were
collected. This procedure compares current locality survey
data–at the quote level–with the same quote from the prior
survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by
the average change in mean wages for the occupation.
23
Appendix A. Technical Note
the private sector is December 1995. The sampling frame
was reviewed prior to the survey and, when necessary,
missing establishments were added, out-of-business and
out-of-scope establishments were removed, and addresses,
employment levels, industry classification, and other information were updated.
This section provides basic information on the procedures and concepts used to produce the data contained in
this bulletin. It is divided into three parts: Planning for the
survey; data collection; and processing and analyzing the
data. While this section answers some questions commonly
asked by data users, it is not a comprehensive description
of all the steps required to produce the data.
Sample design
The sample for this survey area was selected using a
two stage stratified design with probability proportional to
employment sampling at each stage. The first stage of
sample selection was a probability sample of establishments. The sample of establishments was drawn by first
stratifying the sampling frame where the strata are determined by industry and whether the establishment is Private, State government or Local government. The number
of sample establishments allocated to each stratum is approximately proportional to the stratum employment. Each
sampled establishment is selected within a stratum with a
probability proportional to its employment. Use of this
technique means that the larger an establishment’s employment, the greater its chance of selection. Weights were
applied to each establishment when the data were tabulated
so that the sample units within each stratum represent all
the units within the stratum, both sampled and nonsampled.
See appendix table 1 for a count of establishments in the
survey by employment size. The second stage of sample
selection, detailed below, was a probability sample of occupations within a sampled establishment.
Planning for the survey
The overall design of the survey is based on the type of
data to be produced. Establishments that participate in the
NCS are studied for several collection cycles. This allows
changes in wages within these establishments to be observed over time. Individual wage data are collected for
selected jobs during each establishment’s initial cycle and
updated during subsequent cycles. When data are not
available during a collection cycle, efforts are made to collect the data during subsequent cycles and include it in later
tabulations. Beginning in the year 2000, the current NCS
sample will be replenished on a rotating basis.
Survey scope
This survey of the Reno, NV, Metropolitan Statistical
Area covered establishments employing 50 workers or
more in goods-producing industries (mining, construction
and manufacturing); service-producing industries (transportation, communications, electric, gas, and sanitary
services; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services industries); and State and local
governments. Agriculture, private households, and the Federal Government were excluded from the scope of the survey. For purposes of this survey an establishment was an
economic unit which produces goods or services, a central
administrative office, or an auxiliary unit providing support
services to a company. For private industries in this survey, the establishment was usually at a single physical location. For State and local governments, an establishment
was defined as all locations of a government entity.
The Reno, NV, MSA includes Washoe County.
Data collection
Detailed procedures are followed when collecting data
from survey respondents. For the initial data collection,
field economists, working out of the Regional Office, visited each establishment surveyed. The field economists through mail, phone, or personal visit - completed update
collection, which involved obtaining current pay data.
The following procedures are used for schedules initiated for the first time or reinitiated during an update.
Sampling frame
The list of establishments from which the survey sample
was selected (sampling frame) was developed from the
State unemployment insurance reports for the Reno, NV,
Metropolitan Statistical Area. The reference month for the
public sector is June 1994. Due to the volatility of industries within the private sector, sampling frames were developed using the most recent month of reference available at
the time the sample was selected. The reference month for
Occupational selection and classification
Identification of the occupations for which wage data
were to be collected was a multi-step process:
1. Probability-proportional-to-size selection of establishment jobs.
2. Classification of jobs into occupations based on the
Census of Population system.
24
A complete list of all individual occupations, classified
by the MOG to which they belong, is contained in appendix
B.
In step three, certain other job characteristics of the
chosen worker were identified. First, the worker was identified as holding either a full-time or part-time job, based
on the establishment’s definition of those terms. Then the
worker was classified as having a time versus incentive job,
depending on whether any part of pay was directly based
on the actual production of the worker, rather than solely
on hours worked. Finally, the worker was identified as
being in a union job or a nonunion job. See the “Definition
of Terms” section on the following page for more detail.
3. Characterization of jobs as full-time v. part-time,
union v. nonunion, and time v. incentive.
4. Determination of the level of work of each job.
For each occupation, wage data were collected for those
workers who met all the criteria identified in the last three
steps. Special procedures were developed for jobs for
which a correct classification or level could not be determined.
In step one, the jobs to be sampled were selected at each
establishment by the BLS field economist during a personal
visit. A complete list of employees was used for sampling,
with each selected worker representing a job within the establishment.
As with the selection of establishments, the selection of
a job was based on probability proportional to its size in
the establishment. The greater the number of people
working in a job in the establishment, the greater its chance
of selection.
The number of jobs collected in each establishment was
based on an establishment’s employment size as shown in
the following schedule:
Number of employees
50-99
100-249
250-999
1000-2,499
2,500+
Generic leveling through point factor analysis
In the last step before wage data were collected, the
work level of each selected job was determined using a
“generic leveling” process. Generic leveling ranks and
compares all occupations randomly selected in an establishment using the same criteria. This is a major departure
from the method used in the past in the Bureau’s Occupational Compensation Surveys which studied specifically defined occupations with leveling definitions unique to each
occupation.
For this survey, the level of each occupation in an establishment was determined by an analysis of each of 10
leveling factors. Nine of these factors are drawn from the
U.S. Government Office of Personnel Management’s Factor Evaluation System, which is the underlying structure for
evaluation of General Schedule Federal employees. The
tenth factor, supervisory duties, attempts to account for the
effect of supervisory duties. It is considered experimental.
The 10 factors are:
Number of selected jobs
8
10
12
16
20
The second step of the process entailed classifying the
selected jobs into occupations based on their duties. The
National Compensation Survey occupational classification
system is based on the 1990 Census of Population. A selected job may fall into any one of about 480 occupational
classifications, from accountant to wood lathe operator. In
cases where a job’s duties overlapped two or more census
classification codes, the duties used to set the wage level
were used to classify the job. Classification by primary
duties was the fallback.
Each occupational classification is an element of a
broader classification known as a major occupational group
(MOG). Occupations can fall into any of the following
MOG’s:
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
Knowledge
Supervision received
Guidelines
Complexity
Scope and effect
Personal contacts
Purpose of contacts
Physical demands
Work environment
Supervisory duties
Each factor contains a number of levels and each level
has an associated written description and point value. The
number and range of points differ among the factors. For
each factor, an occupation was assigned a level based on
which written description best matched the job. Within
each occupation, the points for 9 factors (supervisory duties
was excluded) were recorded and totaled. The total determines the overall level of the occupation. Appendix table 3
presents average work levels for published occupational
groups and selected occupations. A description of the levels for each factor is shown in appendix C.
Professional specialty and technical
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Sales
Administrative support including clerical
Precision production, craft, and repair
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Service occupations
25
·
Tabulations of levels of work for occupations in the
survey follow the Federal Government’s white-collar General Schedule. Point ranges for each of the 15 levels are
shown in appendix D. It also includes an example of a leveled job and a guide to help data users evaluate jobs in their
firm.
Wage data collected in prior surveys using the new generic leveling method were evaluated by BLS researchers
using regression techniques. For each of the major occupational groups, wages were compared to the 10 generic
level factors (and levels within those factors). The analysis
showed that several of the generic level factors, most notably knowledge and supervision received, had strong explanatory power for wages. That is, as the levels within a
given factor increased, the wages also increased. Detailed
research continues in the area. The results of this research
will be published by BLS in the future.
·
In order to calculate earnings for various time periods
(hourly, weekly, and annual), data on work schedules were
also collected. For hourly workers, scheduled hours
worked per day and per week, exclusive of overtime, were
recorded. Annual weeks worked were determined. Because
salaried workers, exempt from overtime provisions, often
work beyond the assigned work schedule, their typical
number of hours actually worked was collected.
Definition of terms
Full-time worker. Any employee that the employer considers to be full time.
Collection period
The survey was collected from April 1998 through
September 1998. The average payroll reference month was
June 1998. For each establishment in the survey, the data
reflect the establishment’s practices on the day of collection.
Incentive worker. Any employee whose earnings are tied,
at least in part, to commissions, piece rates, production bonuses, or other incentives based on production or sales.
Level. A ranking of an occupation based on the requirements of the position. (See the description in the technical
note and the example for more details on the leveling process.)
Earnings
Earnings were defined as regular payments from the
employer to the employee as compensation for straighttime hourly work, or for any salaried work performed. The
following components were included as part of earnings:
·
Payments made by third parties (e.g., tips, bonuses
given by manufacturers to department store salespeople, referral incentives in real estate)
On-call pay
Nonunion worker. An employee in an occupation not
meeting the conditions for union coverage (see below).
Incentive pay, including commissions, production
bonuses, and piece rates
Cost-of-living allowances
Hazard pay
Payments of income deferred due to participation
in a salary reduction plan
Deadhead pay, defined as pay given to transportation workers returning in a vehicle without freight
or passengers
Part-time worker. Any employee that the employer considers to be part-time.
The following forms of payments were not considered
part of straight-time earnings:
Union worker. Any employee is in a union occupation
when all of the following conditions are met:
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
Straight-time. Time worked at the standard rate of pay for
the job.
Time-based worker. Any employee whose earnings are
tied to an hourly rate or salary, and not to a specific level of
production.
Shift differentials, defined as extra payment for
working a schedule that varies from the norm, such
as night or weekend work
Premium pay for overtime, holidays, and weekends
Bonuses not directly tied to production (e.g.,
Christmas bonuses, profit-sharing bonuses)
Uniform and tool allowances
Free room and board
·
·
·
26
A labor organization is recognized as the bargaining
agent for all workers in the occupation.
Wage and salary rates are determined through collective bargaining or negotiations.
Settlement terms, which must include earnings provisions and may include benefit provisions, are embodied in a signed mutually binding collective bargaining
agreement.
As a result of the use of sampling weights, the number
of workers estimates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study not the actual number
of workers surveyed.
Processing and analyzing the data
Data were processed and analyzed at the Bureau’s National Office following collection.
Data reliability
The data in this bulletin are estimates from a scientifically selected probability sample. There are two types of
errors possible in an estimate based on a sample survey,
sampling and nonsampling.
Sampling errors occur because observations come only
from a sample and not from an entire population. The
sample used for this survey is one of a number of possible
samples of the same size that could have been selected using the sample design. Estimates derived from the different
samples would differ from each other.
A measure of the variation among these differing estimates is called the standard error or sampling error. It indicates the precision with which an estimate from a particular sample approximates the average result of all
possible samples. The relative standard error (RSE) is the
standard error divided by the estimate. Appendix table 2
contains RSE data for selected series in this bulletin. RSE
data for all series in this bulletin are available on the Internet web site and by request to the BLS National Office.
The standard error can be used to calculate a “confidence interval” around a sample estimate. As an example,
suppose table A-1 shows that mean hourly earnings for all
workers was $12.79 per hour, and appendix table 2 shows a
relative standard error of 3.6 percent for this estimate. At
the 90-percent level, the confidence interval for this estimate is $13.55 to $12.03 ($12.79 plus and minus 1.645
times 3.6 percent times $12.79). If all possible samples
were selected to estimate the population value, the interval
from each sample would include the true population value
approximately 90 percent of the time.
Nonsampling errors also affect survey results. They
can stem from many sources, such as inability to obtain information for some establishments, difficulties with survey
definitions, inability of the respondents to provide correct
information, or mistakes in recording or coding the data
obtained. A Technical Reinterview Program done in all
survey areas will be used in the development of a formal
quality assessment process to help compute nonsampling
error. Although they also were not specifically measured,
efforts were made to minimize nonsampling errors by the
extensive training of field economists who gathered survey
data, computer editing of the data, and detailed data review.
Weighting and nonresponse
Sample weights were calculated for each establishment/occupation in the survey. These weights reflected the
relative size of the occupation within the establishment and
of the establishment within the sample universe. Weights
were used to aggregate the individual establishment/occupations into the various data series. Of the establishments surveyed, 22.4 percent (representing 16,942
employees) refused to supply information. If data were not
provided by a sample member, the weights of responding
sample members in the same or similar “cells” were adjusted to account for the missing data. This technique assumes that the mean value of the nonrespondents equals the
mean value of the respondents at some detailed “cell” level.
Responding and nonresponding establishments were classified into these cells according to industry and employment
size. Responding and nonresponding occupations within responding establishments were classified into cells which
were additionally defined by major occupation group and
job level.
Establishments which were determined to be out of
business or outside the scope of the survey (6.7 percent of
the total sample) had their weights changed to zero. If only
partial data were given by a sample establishment or occupation, or data were missing, the response was treated as a
refusal.
Estimation
The wage series in the tables are computed by combining the wages for individual establishment/occupations.
Before being combined, individual wage rates are weighted
by: number of workers; the sample weight adjusted for nonresponding establishments and other factors; and the occupation work schedule, varying depending on whether
hourly, weekly, or annual rates are being calculated. The
respondent has the option of giving mean data instead of
individual wages in the years following the initiation.
In 1998, the publication criteria were changed to allow
more data to publish. Not all series that were calculated
met the criteria for publication. Before any series was
published, it was reviewed to make sure that the number of
observations underlying it was sufficient. This review prevented publishing a series that could have revealed information about a specific establishment.
27
Appendix table 1. Number of establishments studied by industry division and establishment employment size,
and number of establishments represented, Reno, NV, June 1998
Number of establishments studied
Industry
All industries .........................................................
Private industry .................................................
Goods-producing industries ..........................
Construction .............................................
Manufacturing ...........................................
Service-producing industries ........................
Tranportation and public utilities ...............
Wholesale and retail trade ........................
Finance, insurance and real estate ..........
Services ....................................................
State and local government ..............................
Number of
establishments represented
100 workers or more
Total studied
354
344
78
35
43
266
34
115
15
103
10
179
167
16
4
12
151
17
37
7
90
12
50 - 99
workers
69
67
7
3
4
60
5
15
2
38
2
Total
110
100
9
1
8
91
12
22
5
52
10
100 - 499
workers
82
77
8
1
7
69
10
20
3
36
5
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported. Overall industry and industry groups may include data for categories not shown separately.
28
500 workers
or more
28
23
1
–
1
22
2
2
2
16
5
Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected
occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all
workers2, Reno, NV, June 1998
(in percent)
Occupation3
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
All occupations .......................................................................
All occupations excluding sales ............................................
2.3
2.3
2.4
2.3
5.8
5.8
White-collar occupations ...................................................
White-collar occupations excluding sales .........................
3.3
3.5
3.0
2.8
7.1
7.1
Professional specialty and technical occupations ............
Professional specialty occupations ...............................
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .......................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................
Natural scientists ......................................................
Health related occupations .......................................
Registered nurses ................................................
Teachers, college and university ..............................
Teachers, except college and university ..................
Social scientists and urban planners ........................
Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................
Social workers ......................................................
Lawyers and judges ..................................................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and
professionals, N.E.C. ..........................................
Technical occupations ..................................................
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians
Licensed practical nurses .....................................
Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. ..........
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ...
Executives, administrators, and managers ...............
Financial managers ..............................................
Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. .............
Managers and administrators, N.E.C. ..................
Management related occupations ............................
Personnel, training, and labor relations
specialists .......................................................
Construction inspectors ........................................
Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............
Sales occupations ............................................................
Supervisors, sales occupations ............................
Sales workers, other commodities ........................
Cashiers ...............................................................
Administrative support occupations, including clerical .....
Secretaries ...........................................................
Hotel clerks ...........................................................
Transportation ticket and reservation agents .......
Receptionists ........................................................
Order clerks ..........................................................
Personnel clerks except payroll and timekeeping
Records clerks, N.E.C. .........................................
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......
Billing clerks ..........................................................
Dispatchers ...........................................................
Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ...................
Stock and inventory clerks ....................................
General office clerks .............................................
Bank tellers ...........................................................
Data entry keyers .................................................
Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. .........
6.1
6.8
5.9
–
5.6
3.2
4.0
–
2.4
–
6.1
6.1
–
4.7
2.7
5.1
–
–
2.7
2.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.0
9.6
–
–
–
5.9
8.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.3
10.0
1.7
14.5
3.8
3.9
6.6
4.1
5.7
5.9
–
11.0
10.0
1.6
14.5
4.0
3.6
10.4
4.2
6.4
7.8
–
–
–
–
–
9.1
11.5
–
–
–
4.1
8.2
6.6
9.1
8.4
24.7
26.1
5.3
2.7
6.8
5.4
4.0
2.3
5.6
4.6
9.9
5.3
4.3
6.5
11.6
6.8
3.7
3.8
10.1
10.6
–
–
10.4
8.4
24.7
26.1
5.3
3.2
6.1
5.4
4.0
2.4
5.6
5.7
9.9
5.7
4.3
–
11.6
6.8
5.8
3.8
10.1
9.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1.6
–
–
–
3.9
4.8
3.1
4.1
5.2
3.1
7.9
8.0
–
2.2
7.7
4.1
4.6
–
8.9
4.1
4.6
–
–
–
–
Blue-collar occupations .....................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ..........
Automobile mechanics .........................................
Electronic repairers, communications and
industrial equipment .......................................
Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ..........................
Construction trades, N.E.C. ..................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
See footnotes at end of table.
29
Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected
occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all
workers2, Reno, NV, June 1998 — Continued
(in percent)
Occupation3
Blue-collar occupations (-Continued)
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
(-Continued)
Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ...........
Assemblers ...........................................................
Transportation and material moving occupations .............
Truck drivers .........................................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ......
Stock handlers and baggers .................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. .......
Hand packers and packagers ...............................
Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ...................
Service occupations ...........................................................
Protective service occupations .................................
Supervisors, guards ..............................................
Firefighting occupations ........................................
Police and detectives, public service ....................
Guards and police except public service ..............
Food service occupations .........................................
Supervisors, food preparation and service
occupations ....................................................
Bartenders ............................................................
Waiters and waitresses ........................................
Cooks ...................................................................
Food counter, fountain, and related occupations
Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................
Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................
Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. .................
Health service occupations .......................................
Health aides, except nursing ................................
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ...............
Cleaning and building service occupations ..............
Supervisors, cleaning and building service
workers ...........................................................
Maids and housemen ...........................................
Janitors and cleaners ...........................................
Personal service occupations ...................................
Supervisors, personal service occupations ..........
Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities ..
Service occupations, N.E.C. .................................
1 The relative standard error is the standard error
expressed as a percent of the estimate. Hourly
earnings for these occupations are presented in Tables
A-1 and A-2. Reliable relative standard errors could
not be determined for all occupations.
2 All workers include full-time and part-time
workers. Employees are classified as working either a
full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition
used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with
a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a
full-time employee in one establishment, but classified
as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is
the minimum full-time schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480
individual occupations is used to cover all workers in
the civilian economy. Individual occupations are
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
4.5
2.5
7.7
13.4
14.9
3.6
9.2
8.6
8.1
4.1
4.5
2.5
8.4
13.4
14.9
3.6
9.2
8.6
8.1
4.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.8
6.6
11.0
2.5
8.0
3.0
4.4
2.3
6.2
–
–
–
3.0
4.4
6.0
4.9
–
2.5
–
–
–
12.6
8.3
1.2
3.1
4.6
4.7
1.8
3.5
4.9
6.6
4.9
3.4
12.6
8.4
1.2
3.1
4.6
4.7
1.8
3.5
3.3
4.2
3.6
2.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3.6
–
–
3.7
8.4
3.5
4.8
3.8
9.7
2.6
9.1
–
3.5
4.2
3.9
9.8
2.5
9.1
–
–
3.2
15.9
–
–
–
classified into one of nine major occupational groups.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or
that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall
occupational groups and occupational levels may
include data for categories not shown separately.
N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were
collected in this update survey. A procedure was put
into place to "move" the positional statistics where
averages were collected. This procedure compares
current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the
same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates
from the prior survey are moved by the average
change in mean wages for the occupation.
30
Appendix table 3. Average work levels for selected occupations, all workers,
full-time and part-time workers, Reno, NV, June 1998
All
Full-time Part-time
workers workers workers
Occupation1
All occupations .................................................................................
All occupations excluding sales ......................................................
5
5
5
5
4
4
White-collar occupations .............................................................
White-collar occupations excluding sales ...................................
6
6
6
6
5
7
Professional specialty and technical occupations ......................
Professional specialty occupations .........................................
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .................................
Mathematical and computer scientists ...............................
Natural scientists ................................................................
Health related occupations .................................................
Registered nurses ..........................................................
Teachers, college and university ........................................
Teachers, except college and university ............................
Social scientists and urban planners ..................................
Social, recreation, and religious workers ............................
Social workers ................................................................
Lawyers and judges ............................................................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals,
N.E.C. ...........................................................................
Technical occupations ............................................................
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians ...........
Licensed practical nurses ...............................................
Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. ....................
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations .............
Executives, administrators, and managers .........................
Financial managers ........................................................
Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. .......................
Managers and administrators, N.E.C. ............................
Management related occupations ......................................
Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ........
Construction inspectors ..................................................
Management related occupations, N.E.C. ......................
Sales occupations ......................................................................
Supervisors, sales occupations ......................................
Sales workers, other commodities ..................................
Cashiers .........................................................................
Administrative support occupations, including clerical ...............
Secretaries .....................................................................
Hotel clerks .....................................................................
Transportation ticket and reservation agents .................
Receptionists ..................................................................
Order clerks ....................................................................
Personnel clerks except payroll and timekeeping ..........
Records clerks, N.E.C. ...................................................
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ................
Billing clerks ....................................................................
Dispatchers .....................................................................
Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks .............................
Stock and inventory clerks ..............................................
General office clerks .......................................................
Bank tellers .....................................................................
Data entry keyers ...........................................................
Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ...................
9
10
10
–
11
9
9
–
9
–
8
8
–
9
10
10
–
11
9
9
–
9
–
8
8
–
9
9
–
–
–
9
9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7
7
6
7
10
10
11
10
10
8
9
7
8
4
6
5
3
4
5
3
4
3
4
3
4
4
4
6
4
4
4
3
4
5
–
7
7
6
7
10
10
11
10
10
8
–
7
8
4
6
5
3
4
5
3
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
6
4
4
4
–
4
5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3
–
4
2
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5
6
7
5
6
7
2
–
–
6
6
6
4
4
3
5
5
4
2
–
6
–
4
4
3
5
5
4
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2
Blue-collar occupations ...............................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ....................
Automobile mechanics ...................................................
Electronic repairers, communications and industrial
equipment .................................................................
Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ....................................
Construction trades, N.E.C. ............................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........................
Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. .....................
Assemblers .....................................................................
Transportation and material moving occupations .......................
Truck drivers ...................................................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ............
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ................
See footnotes at end of table.
31
Appendix table 3. Average work levels for selected occupations, all workers,
full-time and part-time workers, Reno, NV, June 1998 — Continued
All
Full-time Part-time
workers workers workers
Occupation1
Blue-collar occupations (-Continued)
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
(-Continued)
Stock handlers and baggers ...........................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. .................
Hand packers and packagers .........................................
Laborers except construction, N.E.C. .............................
2
3
2
2
3
4
2
2
2
2
–
2
Service occupations .....................................................................
Protective service occupations ...........................................
Supervisors, guards ........................................................
Firefighting occupations ..................................................
Police and detectives, public service ..............................
Guards and police except public service ........................
Food service occupations ...................................................
Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations
Bartenders ......................................................................
Waiters and waitresses ..................................................
Cooks .............................................................................
Food counter, fountain, and related occupations ...........
Kitchen workers, food preparation ..................................
Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ......................................
Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ...........................
Health service occupations .................................................
Health aides, except nursing ..........................................
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants .........................
Cleaning and building service occupations ........................
Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers .......
Maids and housemen .....................................................
Janitors and cleaners .....................................................
Personal service occupations .............................................
Supervisors, personal service occupations ....................
Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities ............
Service occupations, N.E.C. ...........................................
3
6
6
6
8
4
3
6
3
2
5
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
2
5
2
2
3
6
2
3
3
6
6
6
8
4
3
6
4
3
5
3
2
2
2
3
–
3
2
5
2
3
3
6
3
3
2
3
–
–
–
–
2
–
–
2
–
–
–
–
2
3
–
3
–
–
–
–
2
–
2
–
1 A classification system including about 480
individual occupations is used to cover all workers in
the civilian economy. Individual occupations are
classified into one of nine major occupational groups.
The occupations titled authors, musicians, actors,
painters, photographers, dancers, artists, athletes, and
legislators cannot be assigned a work level.
include data for categories not shown separately.
N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were
collected in this update survey. A procedure was put
into place to "move" the positional statistics where
averages were collected. This procedure compares
current locality survey data–at the quote level–with the
same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates
from the prior survey are moved by the average
change in mean wages for the occupation.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or
that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall
occupational groups and occupational levels may
32

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Industrial Safety Market

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